New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste
Efficient and selective extractions of precious and critical metal ions such as Au(III) and Pd(II) were investigated using zirconia nanoparticles surface modified with different organic mono- and di-carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligands. The modification is made on the surface of commercial ZrO<sub&g...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2219 |
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| author | Sarah Asaad Marwa Hamandi Guilhem Arrachart Stéphane Pellet-Rostaing Serge Kimbel Stéphane Daniele |
| author_facet | Sarah Asaad Marwa Hamandi Guilhem Arrachart Stéphane Pellet-Rostaing Serge Kimbel Stéphane Daniele |
| author_sort | Sarah Asaad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Efficient and selective extractions of precious and critical metal ions such as Au(III) and Pd(II) were investigated using zirconia nanoparticles surface modified with different organic mono- and di-carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligands. The modification is made on the surface of commercial ZrO<sub>2</sub> that is dispersed in aqueous suspension and was achieved by optimizing the Bronsted acid–base reaction in ethanol/H<sub>2</sub>O solution (1:2), resulting in inorganic–organic systems of ZrO<sub>2</sub>-L<b><sup>n</sup></b> (L<b><sup>n</sup></b>: organic carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligand). The presence, binding, amount, and stability of the organic ligand on the surface of zirconia nanoparticles were confirmed by different characterizations such as TGA, BET, ATR-FTIR, and <sup>31</sup>P-NMR. Characterizations showed that all the prepared modified zirconia had a similar specific surface area (50 m<sup>2</sup>.g<sup>−1</sup>) and the same amount of ligand on the zirconia surface in a 1:50 molar ratio. ATR-FTIR and <sup>31</sup>P-NMR data were used to elucidate the most favorable binding mode. Batch adsorption results showed that (i) ZrO<sub>2</sub> surface modified with di-carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligands had the highest adsorption efficiency to extract metals than mono-carbamoyl ligands, and (ii) higher hydrophobicity of the ligand led to better adsorption efficiency. The surface-modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> with di-N,N-butyl carbamoyl pentyl phosphonic acid ligand (ZrO<sub>2</sub>-L<b><sup>6</sup></b>) showed promising stability, efficiency, and reusability in industrial applications for selective gold recovery. In terms of thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption data, ZrO<sub>2</sub>-L<b><sup>6</sup></b> fits the Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model for the adsorption of Au(III) with maximum experimental adsorption capacity q<sub>max</sub> = 6.4 mg.g<sup>−1</sup>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:16:11Z |
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| id | doaj.art-120aa2feaefd4054a15852ee2ac47ed1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-120aa2feaefd4054a15852ee2ac47ed12023-11-17T08:13:41ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01285221910.3390/molecules28052219New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-WasteSarah Asaad0Marwa Hamandi1Guilhem Arrachart2Stéphane Pellet-Rostaing3Serge Kimbel4Stéphane Daniele5CP2M, ESCPE Lyon—Ctentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5128, 69616 Villeurbanne, FranceCP2M, ESCPE Lyon—Ctentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5128, 69616 Villeurbanne, FranceICSM, Université de Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, FranceICSM, Université de Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, FranceWEEECycling, 76400 Tourville-les-Ifs, FranceCP2M, ESCPE Lyon—Ctentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5128, 69616 Villeurbanne, FranceEfficient and selective extractions of precious and critical metal ions such as Au(III) and Pd(II) were investigated using zirconia nanoparticles surface modified with different organic mono- and di-carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligands. The modification is made on the surface of commercial ZrO<sub>2</sub> that is dispersed in aqueous suspension and was achieved by optimizing the Bronsted acid–base reaction in ethanol/H<sub>2</sub>O solution (1:2), resulting in inorganic–organic systems of ZrO<sub>2</sub>-L<b><sup>n</sup></b> (L<b><sup>n</sup></b>: organic carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligand). The presence, binding, amount, and stability of the organic ligand on the surface of zirconia nanoparticles were confirmed by different characterizations such as TGA, BET, ATR-FTIR, and <sup>31</sup>P-NMR. Characterizations showed that all the prepared modified zirconia had a similar specific surface area (50 m<sup>2</sup>.g<sup>−1</sup>) and the same amount of ligand on the zirconia surface in a 1:50 molar ratio. ATR-FTIR and <sup>31</sup>P-NMR data were used to elucidate the most favorable binding mode. Batch adsorption results showed that (i) ZrO<sub>2</sub> surface modified with di-carbamoyl phosphonic acid ligands had the highest adsorption efficiency to extract metals than mono-carbamoyl ligands, and (ii) higher hydrophobicity of the ligand led to better adsorption efficiency. The surface-modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> with di-N,N-butyl carbamoyl pentyl phosphonic acid ligand (ZrO<sub>2</sub>-L<b><sup>6</sup></b>) showed promising stability, efficiency, and reusability in industrial applications for selective gold recovery. In terms of thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption data, ZrO<sub>2</sub>-L<b><sup>6</sup></b> fits the Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model for the adsorption of Au(III) with maximum experimental adsorption capacity q<sub>max</sub> = 6.4 mg.g<sup>−1</sup>.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2219ZrO<sub>2</sub>nano-hybridsadsorptioncarbamoyl phosphonic acidssurface graftinge-waste |
| spellingShingle | Sarah Asaad Marwa Hamandi Guilhem Arrachart Stéphane Pellet-Rostaing Serge Kimbel Stéphane Daniele New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste Molecules ZrO<sub>2</sub> nano-hybrids adsorption carbamoyl phosphonic acids surface grafting e-waste |
| title | New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste |
| title_full | New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste |
| title_fullStr | New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste |
| title_short | New Carbamoyl Surface-Modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanohybrids for Selective Au Extraction from E-Waste |
| title_sort | new carbamoyl surface modified zro sub 2 sub nanohybrids for selective au extraction from e waste |
| topic | ZrO<sub>2</sub> nano-hybrids adsorption carbamoyl phosphonic acids surface grafting e-waste |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2219 |
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