Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Introduction: Oral cancer is a global health challenge. In India, there is a huge burden on the healthcare system. The prevalence of oral cancer globally and in India, coupled with the specific risk factors associated with the Indian population, necessitates targeted research to improve early detect...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Human Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.aihbonline.com/article.asp?issn=2321-8568;year=2024;volume=14;issue=2;spage=153;epage=157;aulast=Kumar |
| _version_ | 1827309516107022336 |
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| author | Ravi Kumar Aparajita Tiwari Vishal Singh |
| author_facet | Ravi Kumar Aparajita Tiwari Vishal Singh |
| author_sort | Ravi Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Oral cancer is a global health challenge. In India, there is a huge burden on the healthcare system. The prevalence of oral cancer globally and in India, coupled with the specific risk factors associated with the Indian population, necessitates targeted research to improve early detection and treatment outcomes. The present study analysed 93 patients with oral cancer over 5 years to determine the incidence corresponding to different stages of the disease. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed medical records from the hospital database. The epidemiological data included age, gender, tobacco habit, duration of tobacco use, site of the lesions, stages of cancer and the treatment provided. We analysed the relationship of epidemiological characteristics with age by the Chi-square test. The statistical test significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The incidences of oral cancer each year range from 8% to 12%. A male patient over 40 years of age was most affected by oral cancer 42 (45.16%). The most affected sites were buccal mucosa 36 (38.70%) and alveolus 33 (35.48%) amongst patients over 40 years of age. The predominant stage for the majority of cancer cases was Stage IV, accounting for 49 cases (52.68%). Additionally, the largest lesions, exceeding 4 cm in size, were observed in 64 cases (68.81%), and these instances were predominantly found in patients aged 40 years or older. Chewing tobacco emerged as a significant contributing factor to cancer, affecting 41 cases (42.08%), particularly among those with a habit duration exceeding 10 years, representing 48 cases (51.61%) in patients aged 40 years or older. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to spread awareness of oral cancer, followed by extensive screening in India. Tobacco in India is not only used widely but also associated with cultural relevance, and it is the need of the hour to implement the tobacco policy to reach out evenly to all communities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:43:45Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2321-8568 2348-4691 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:43:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Human Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-120bd993d30542dba0cac12a271462872024-03-25T09:58:45ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAdvances in Human Biology2321-85682348-46912024-01-0114215315710.4103/aihb.aihb_138_23Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar PradeshRavi KumarAparajita TiwariVishal SinghIntroduction: Oral cancer is a global health challenge. In India, there is a huge burden on the healthcare system. The prevalence of oral cancer globally and in India, coupled with the specific risk factors associated with the Indian population, necessitates targeted research to improve early detection and treatment outcomes. The present study analysed 93 patients with oral cancer over 5 years to determine the incidence corresponding to different stages of the disease. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed medical records from the hospital database. The epidemiological data included age, gender, tobacco habit, duration of tobacco use, site of the lesions, stages of cancer and the treatment provided. We analysed the relationship of epidemiological characteristics with age by the Chi-square test. The statistical test significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The incidences of oral cancer each year range from 8% to 12%. A male patient over 40 years of age was most affected by oral cancer 42 (45.16%). The most affected sites were buccal mucosa 36 (38.70%) and alveolus 33 (35.48%) amongst patients over 40 years of age. The predominant stage for the majority of cancer cases was Stage IV, accounting for 49 cases (52.68%). Additionally, the largest lesions, exceeding 4 cm in size, were observed in 64 cases (68.81%), and these instances were predominantly found in patients aged 40 years or older. Chewing tobacco emerged as a significant contributing factor to cancer, affecting 41 cases (42.08%), particularly among those with a habit duration exceeding 10 years, representing 48 cases (51.61%) in patients aged 40 years or older. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to spread awareness of oral cancer, followed by extensive screening in India. Tobacco in India is not only used widely but also associated with cultural relevance, and it is the need of the hour to implement the tobacco policy to reach out evenly to all communities.http://www.aihbonline.com/article.asp?issn=2321-8568;year=2024;volume=14;issue=2;spage=153;epage=157;aulast=Kumarbehaviourchewable tobaccoclinical presentationdemographic analysisincidencelesion sizeoral cancerretrospective studystagingtobacco habitstreatment response |
| spellingShingle | Ravi Kumar Aparajita Tiwari Vishal Singh Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh Advances in Human Biology behaviour chewable tobacco clinical presentation demographic analysis incidence lesion size oral cancer retrospective study staging tobacco habits treatment response |
| title | Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| title_full | Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| title_fullStr | Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| title_short | Exploring oral cancer patterns: A 5-year retrospective analysis of incidence, clinical features, patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| title_sort | exploring oral cancer patterns a 5 year retrospective analysis of incidence clinical features patient behaviour and treatment outcomes at the dental unit of a private medical college and hospital in varanasi uttar pradesh |
| topic | behaviour chewable tobacco clinical presentation demographic analysis incidence lesion size oral cancer retrospective study staging tobacco habits treatment response |
| url | http://www.aihbonline.com/article.asp?issn=2321-8568;year=2024;volume=14;issue=2;spage=153;epage=157;aulast=Kumar |
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