Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber
Cucumbers are frequently affected by gray mold pathogen <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, a pathogen that causes inhibited growth and reduced yield. Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a primary role in plant responses to biotic stresses, and the jasmonate-ZIM-Domain (JAZ) proteins are key regulators of the...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/185 |
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| author | Kun Liu Haiyu Xu Xinbin Gao Yinghao Lu Lina Wang Zhonghai Ren Chunhua Chen |
| author_facet | Kun Liu Haiyu Xu Xinbin Gao Yinghao Lu Lina Wang Zhonghai Ren Chunhua Chen |
| author_sort | Kun Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cucumbers are frequently affected by gray mold pathogen <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, a pathogen that causes inhibited growth and reduced yield. Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a primary role in plant responses to biotic stresses, and the jasmonate-ZIM-Domain (JAZ) proteins are key regulators of the JA signaling pathway. In this study, we used the pan-genome of twelve cucumber varieties to identify cucumber <i>TIFY</i> genes. Our findings revealed that two <i>CsTIFY</i> genes were present in all twelve cucumber varieties and showed no differences in protein sequence, gene structure, and motif composition. This suggests their evolutionary conservation across different cucumber varieties and implies that they may play a crucial role in cucumber growth. On the other hand, the other fourteen <i>CsTIFY</i> genes exhibited variations in protein sequence and gene structure or conserved motifs, which could be the result of divergent evolution, as these genes adapt to different cultivation and environmental conditions. Analysis of the expression profiles of the <i>CsTIFY</i> genes showed differential regulation by <i>B. cinerea</i>. Transient transfection plants overexpressing <i>CsJAZ2</i>, <i>CsJAZ6</i>, or <i>CsZML2</i> were found to be more susceptible to <i>B. cinerea</i> infection compared to control plants. Furthermore, these plants infected by the pathogen showed lower levels of the enzymatic activities of POD, SOD and CAT. Importantly, after <i>B. cinerea</i> infection, the content of JA was upregulated in the plants, and cucumber cotyledons pretreated with exogenous MeJA displayed increased resistance to <i>B. cinerea</i> infection compared to those pretreated with water. Therefore, this study explored key <i>TIFY</i> genes in the regulation of cucumber growth and adaptability to different cultivation environments based on bioinformatics analysis and demonstrated that <i>CsJAZs</i> negatively regulate cucumber disease resistance to gray mold via multiple signaling pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:06:03Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:06:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-120f54d77027464f8d843804581ddec82024-01-10T14:58:29ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-12-0125118510.3390/ijms25010185Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in CucumberKun Liu0Haiyu Xu1Xinbin Gao2Yinghao Lu3Lina Wang4Zhonghai Ren5Chunhua Chen6College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCollege of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCollege of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCollege of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCollege of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCucumbers are frequently affected by gray mold pathogen <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, a pathogen that causes inhibited growth and reduced yield. Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a primary role in plant responses to biotic stresses, and the jasmonate-ZIM-Domain (JAZ) proteins are key regulators of the JA signaling pathway. In this study, we used the pan-genome of twelve cucumber varieties to identify cucumber <i>TIFY</i> genes. Our findings revealed that two <i>CsTIFY</i> genes were present in all twelve cucumber varieties and showed no differences in protein sequence, gene structure, and motif composition. This suggests their evolutionary conservation across different cucumber varieties and implies that they may play a crucial role in cucumber growth. On the other hand, the other fourteen <i>CsTIFY</i> genes exhibited variations in protein sequence and gene structure or conserved motifs, which could be the result of divergent evolution, as these genes adapt to different cultivation and environmental conditions. Analysis of the expression profiles of the <i>CsTIFY</i> genes showed differential regulation by <i>B. cinerea</i>. Transient transfection plants overexpressing <i>CsJAZ2</i>, <i>CsJAZ6</i>, or <i>CsZML2</i> were found to be more susceptible to <i>B. cinerea</i> infection compared to control plants. Furthermore, these plants infected by the pathogen showed lower levels of the enzymatic activities of POD, SOD and CAT. Importantly, after <i>B. cinerea</i> infection, the content of JA was upregulated in the plants, and cucumber cotyledons pretreated with exogenous MeJA displayed increased resistance to <i>B. cinerea</i> infection compared to those pretreated with water. Therefore, this study explored key <i>TIFY</i> genes in the regulation of cucumber growth and adaptability to different cultivation environments based on bioinformatics analysis and demonstrated that <i>CsJAZs</i> negatively regulate cucumber disease resistance to gray mold via multiple signaling pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/185cucumberTIFYgray molddisease resistance |
| spellingShingle | Kun Liu Haiyu Xu Xinbin Gao Yinghao Lu Lina Wang Zhonghai Ren Chunhua Chen Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber International Journal of Molecular Sciences cucumber TIFY gray mold disease resistance |
| title | Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber |
| title_full | Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber |
| title_fullStr | Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber |
| title_short | Pan-Genome Analysis of <i>TIFY</i> Gene Family and Functional Analysis of <i>CsTIFY</i> Genes in Cucumber |
| title_sort | pan genome analysis of i tify i gene family and functional analysis of i cstify i genes in cucumber |
| topic | cucumber TIFY gray mold disease resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/185 |
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