Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila
Multiple spaced trials of aversive differential conditioning can produce two independent long-term memories (LTMs) of opposite valence. One is an aversive memory for avoiding the conditioned stimulus (CS+), and the other is a safety memory for approaching the non-conditioned stimulus (CS–). Here, we...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2021-07-01
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| Series: | eLife |
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| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/66499 |
| _version_ | 1811180653053476864 |
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| author | Bohan Zhao Jiameng Sun Qian Li Yi Zhong |
| author_facet | Bohan Zhao Jiameng Sun Qian Li Yi Zhong |
| author_sort | Bohan Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multiple spaced trials of aversive differential conditioning can produce two independent long-term memories (LTMs) of opposite valence. One is an aversive memory for avoiding the conditioned stimulus (CS+), and the other is a safety memory for approaching the non-conditioned stimulus (CS–). Here, we show that a single trial of aversive differential conditioning yields one merged LTM (mLTM) for avoiding both CS+ and CS–. Such mLTM can be detected after sequential exposures to the shock-paired CS+ and -unpaired CS–, and be retrieved by either CS+ or CS–. The formation of mLTM relies on triggering aversive-reinforcing dopaminergic neurons and subsequent new protein synthesis. Expressing mLTM involves αβ Kenyon cells and corresponding approach-directing mushroom body output neurons, in which similar-amplitude long-term depression of responses to CS+ and CS– seems to signal the mLTM. Our results suggest that animals can develop distinct strategies for occasional and repeated threatening experiences. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T09:05:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1216fbee34f74c6299ef6a1ce56824c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T09:05:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eLife |
| spelling | doaj.art-1216fbee34f74c6299ef6a1ce56824c42022-12-22T04:32:37ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2021-07-011010.7554/eLife.66499Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in DrosophilaBohan Zhao0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-1278Jiameng Sun1Qian Li2Yi Zhong3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7927-5976School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, ChinaMultiple spaced trials of aversive differential conditioning can produce two independent long-term memories (LTMs) of opposite valence. One is an aversive memory for avoiding the conditioned stimulus (CS+), and the other is a safety memory for approaching the non-conditioned stimulus (CS–). Here, we show that a single trial of aversive differential conditioning yields one merged LTM (mLTM) for avoiding both CS+ and CS–. Such mLTM can be detected after sequential exposures to the shock-paired CS+ and -unpaired CS–, and be retrieved by either CS+ or CS–. The formation of mLTM relies on triggering aversive-reinforcing dopaminergic neurons and subsequent new protein synthesis. Expressing mLTM involves αβ Kenyon cells and corresponding approach-directing mushroom body output neurons, in which similar-amplitude long-term depression of responses to CS+ and CS– seems to signal the mLTM. Our results suggest that animals can develop distinct strategies for occasional and repeated threatening experiences.https://elifesciences.org/articles/66499long-term memorydifferential conditioningolfactory memoryDrosophilaaversive trainingsingle-trial training |
| spellingShingle | Bohan Zhao Jiameng Sun Qian Li Yi Zhong Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila eLife long-term memory differential conditioning olfactory memory Drosophila aversive training single-trial training |
| title | Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila |
| title_full | Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila |
| title_fullStr | Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila |
| title_short | Differential conditioning produces merged long-term memory in Drosophila |
| title_sort | differential conditioning produces merged long term memory in drosophila |
| topic | long-term memory differential conditioning olfactory memory Drosophila aversive training single-trial training |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/66499 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bohanzhao differentialconditioningproducesmergedlongtermmemoryindrosophila AT jiamengsun differentialconditioningproducesmergedlongtermmemoryindrosophila AT qianli differentialconditioningproducesmergedlongtermmemoryindrosophila AT yizhong differentialconditioningproducesmergedlongtermmemoryindrosophila |