Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents
Deoxynivalenol (DON), the mycotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum and found in contaminated cereal-based foodstuff, has been consistently detected in body fluids in adults. Available data in children and adolescents are scarce. This study assessed urinary DON concentrations in children age...
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MDPI AG
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/2/50 |
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| author | Maria Papageorgiou Liz Wells Courtney Williams Kay White Barbara De Santis Yunru Liu Francesca Debegnach Brunella Miano Giorgio Moretti Stephanie Greetham Carlo Brera Stephen L Atkin Laura J Hardie Thozhukat Sathyapalan |
| author_facet | Maria Papageorgiou Liz Wells Courtney Williams Kay White Barbara De Santis Yunru Liu Francesca Debegnach Brunella Miano Giorgio Moretti Stephanie Greetham Carlo Brera Stephen L Atkin Laura J Hardie Thozhukat Sathyapalan |
| author_sort | Maria Papageorgiou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deoxynivalenol (DON), the mycotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum and found in contaminated cereal-based foodstuff, has been consistently detected in body fluids in adults. Available data in children and adolescents are scarce. This study assessed urinary DON concentrations in children aged 3–9 years (n = 40) and adolescents aged 10–17 years (n = 39) in the UK. Morning urine samples were collected over two consecutive days and analysed for free DON (un-metabolised form), DON-glucuronides (DON-GlcA), deepoxy deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), and total DON (sum of free DON, DON-GlcA, and DOM-1). Total DON was detected in the urine of >95% of children and adolescents on both days. Mean total DON concentrations (ng/mg creatinine) were 41.6 and 21.0 for children and adolescents, respectively. The greatest total DON levels were obtained in female children on both days (214 and 219 ng/mg creatinine on days 1 and 2, respectively). Free DON and DON-GlcA were detected in most urine specimens, whereas DOM-1 was not present in any sample. Estimation of dietary DON exposure suggested that 33–63% of children and 5–46% of adolescents exceeded current guidance regarding the maximum provisional tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) for DON. Although moderate mean urinary DON concentrations were shown, the high detection frequency of urinary DON, the maximum biomarker concentrations, and estimated dietary DON exposure are concerning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:08:10Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:08:10Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
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| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-12178aa11995431d801c6bcd51a136a22022-12-22T04:28:14ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512018-01-011025010.3390/toxins10020050toxins10020050Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and AdolescentsMaria Papageorgiou0Liz Wells1Courtney Williams2Kay White3Barbara De Santis4Yunru Liu5Francesca Debegnach6Brunella Miano7Giorgio Moretti8Stephanie Greetham9Carlo Brera10Stephen L Atkin11Laura J Hardie12Thozhukat Sathyapalan13Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Hull, Brocklehurst Building, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull HU3 2RW, UKDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Hull, Brocklehurst Building, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull HU3 2RW, UKDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, LICAMM, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, LICAMM, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKDepartment of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Food Chemical Risk, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Medicine, Hainan Medical University, 3 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571199, ChinaDepartment of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Food Chemical Risk, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, ItalyPublic Health and Risk Analysis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, ItalyEchuca Regional Health, Service Street, Echuca 3564, AustraliaDepartment of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Food Chemical Risk, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, ItalyWeill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, QatarDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, LICAMM, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Hull, Brocklehurst Building, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull HU3 2RW, UKDeoxynivalenol (DON), the mycotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum and found in contaminated cereal-based foodstuff, has been consistently detected in body fluids in adults. Available data in children and adolescents are scarce. This study assessed urinary DON concentrations in children aged 3–9 years (n = 40) and adolescents aged 10–17 years (n = 39) in the UK. Morning urine samples were collected over two consecutive days and analysed for free DON (un-metabolised form), DON-glucuronides (DON-GlcA), deepoxy deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), and total DON (sum of free DON, DON-GlcA, and DOM-1). Total DON was detected in the urine of >95% of children and adolescents on both days. Mean total DON concentrations (ng/mg creatinine) were 41.6 and 21.0 for children and adolescents, respectively. The greatest total DON levels were obtained in female children on both days (214 and 219 ng/mg creatinine on days 1 and 2, respectively). Free DON and DON-GlcA were detected in most urine specimens, whereas DOM-1 was not present in any sample. Estimation of dietary DON exposure suggested that 33–63% of children and 5–46% of adolescents exceeded current guidance regarding the maximum provisional tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) for DON. Although moderate mean urinary DON concentrations were shown, the high detection frequency of urinary DON, the maximum biomarker concentrations, and estimated dietary DON exposure are concerning.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/2/50mycotoxinsdeoxynivalenolFusarium graminearumchildrenadolescentsbiomonitoring |
| spellingShingle | Maria Papageorgiou Liz Wells Courtney Williams Kay White Barbara De Santis Yunru Liu Francesca Debegnach Brunella Miano Giorgio Moretti Stephanie Greetham Carlo Brera Stephen L Atkin Laura J Hardie Thozhukat Sathyapalan Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents Toxins mycotoxins deoxynivalenol Fusarium graminearum children adolescents biomonitoring |
| title | Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents |
| title_full | Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents |
| title_short | Assessment of Urinary Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in UK Children and Adolescents |
| title_sort | assessment of urinary deoxynivalenol biomarkers in uk children and adolescents |
| topic | mycotoxins deoxynivalenol Fusarium graminearum children adolescents biomonitoring |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/2/50 |
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