Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (ESBL-E) have been investigated in adult horses, but not in foals. We aimed to determine shedding and infection in neonatal foals and mares. Rectal swabs were sampled from mare and foal pairs on admission and on the 3rd day...
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/9/600 |
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| author | Anat Shnaiderman-Torban Yossi Paitan Haia Arielly Kira Kondratyeva Sharon Tirosh-Levy Gila Abells-Sutton Shiri Navon-Venezia Amir Steinman |
| author_facet | Anat Shnaiderman-Torban Yossi Paitan Haia Arielly Kira Kondratyeva Sharon Tirosh-Levy Gila Abells-Sutton Shiri Navon-Venezia Amir Steinman |
| author_sort | Anat Shnaiderman-Torban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extended-spectrum β-lactamase <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (ESBL-E) have been investigated in adult horses, but not in foals. We aimed to determine shedding and infection in neonatal foals and mares. Rectal swabs were sampled from mare and foal pairs on admission and on the 3rd day of hospitalization; enriched, plated, and bacteria were verified for ESBL production. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined (Vitek2). Genotyping was performed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Genes were identified by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Medical data were analyzed for risk factors (SPSS). On admission, 55 pairs were sampled, of which 33 pairs were re-sampled. Shedding rates on admission in foals and mares were 33% (95% CI 21−47%) and 16% (95% CI 8−29%), respectively, and during hospitalization, these increased significantly to 85% (95% CI 70−94%) and 58% (95% CI 40−73%), respectively. Foal shedding was associated with umbilical infection on admission (<i>P</i> = 0.016) and with ampicillin treatment during hospitalization (<i>p</i> = 0.011), and was independent of the mare’s shedding. The most common ESBL-E was <i>Escherichia coli</i>. During hospitalization, species diversity increased. Four foals were infected with ESBL-E strains, including umbilical infections and wounds. This study substantiates an alarming prevalence of shedding in neonatal foals, which should be further investigated in order to reduce resistance rates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:52:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-121abbd10a754b928902b2f0e1c7ac92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:52:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-121abbd10a754b928902b2f0e1c7ac922022-12-22T01:42:45ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152019-08-019960010.3390/ani9090600ani9090600Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with InfectionAnat Shnaiderman-Torban0Yossi Paitan1Haia Arielly2Kira Kondratyeva3Sharon Tirosh-Levy4Gila Abells-Sutton5Shiri Navon-Venezia6Amir Steinman7Koret School of Veterinary Medicine (KSVM), The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 761001, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, IsraelClinical Microbiology Lab, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, IsraelKoret School of Veterinary Medicine (KSVM), The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 761001, IsraelKoret School of Veterinary Medicine (KSVM), The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 761001, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, IsraelKoret School of Veterinary Medicine (KSVM), The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 761001, IsraelExtended-spectrum β-lactamase <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (ESBL-E) have been investigated in adult horses, but not in foals. We aimed to determine shedding and infection in neonatal foals and mares. Rectal swabs were sampled from mare and foal pairs on admission and on the 3rd day of hospitalization; enriched, plated, and bacteria were verified for ESBL production. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined (Vitek2). Genotyping was performed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Genes were identified by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Medical data were analyzed for risk factors (SPSS). On admission, 55 pairs were sampled, of which 33 pairs were re-sampled. Shedding rates on admission in foals and mares were 33% (95% CI 21−47%) and 16% (95% CI 8−29%), respectively, and during hospitalization, these increased significantly to 85% (95% CI 70−94%) and 58% (95% CI 40−73%), respectively. Foal shedding was associated with umbilical infection on admission (<i>P</i> = 0.016) and with ampicillin treatment during hospitalization (<i>p</i> = 0.011), and was independent of the mare’s shedding. The most common ESBL-E was <i>Escherichia coli</i>. During hospitalization, species diversity increased. Four foals were infected with ESBL-E strains, including umbilical infections and wounds. This study substantiates an alarming prevalence of shedding in neonatal foals, which should be further investigated in order to reduce resistance rates.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/9/600equinefoalESBL-Eantibiotic resistancesheddingumbilical infectionrisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Anat Shnaiderman-Torban Yossi Paitan Haia Arielly Kira Kondratyeva Sharon Tirosh-Levy Gila Abells-Sutton Shiri Navon-Venezia Amir Steinman Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection Animals equine foal ESBL-E antibiotic resistance shedding umbilical infection risk factors |
| title | Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection |
| title_full | Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection |
| title_fullStr | Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection |
| title_short | Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Neonatal Foals: Prevalence, Risk Factors for Shedding and Association with Infection |
| title_sort | extended spectrum β lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in hospitalized neonatal foals prevalence risk factors for shedding and association with infection |
| topic | equine foal ESBL-E antibiotic resistance shedding umbilical infection risk factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/9/600 |
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