Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons
Objective To improve the Zambia Prisons Service’s implementation of tuberculosis screening and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. Methods For both tuberculosis and HIV, we implemented mass screening of inmates and community-based screening of those residing in encampments adjacent to prison...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The World Health Organization
2015-02-01
|
| Series: | Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862015000200093&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1827336509523492864 |
|---|---|
| author | Katie R Maggard Sisa Hatwiinda Jennifer B Harris Winifreda Phiri Annika Krüüner Kaunda Kaunda Stephanie M Topp Nathan Kapata Helen Ayles Chisela Chileshe German Henostroza Stewart E Reid |
| author_facet | Katie R Maggard Sisa Hatwiinda Jennifer B Harris Winifreda Phiri Annika Krüüner Kaunda Kaunda Stephanie M Topp Nathan Kapata Helen Ayles Chisela Chileshe German Henostroza Stewart E Reid |
| author_sort | Katie R Maggard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective To improve the Zambia Prisons Service’s implementation of tuberculosis screening and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. Methods For both tuberculosis and HIV, we implemented mass screening of inmates and community-based screening of those residing in encampments adjacent to prisons. We also established routine systems – with inmates as peer educators – for the screening of newly entered or symptomatic inmates. We improved infection control measures, increased diagnostic capacity and promoted awareness of tuberculosis in Zambia’s prisons. Findings In a period of 9 months, we screened 7638 individuals and diagnosed 409 new patients with tuberculosis. We tested 4879 individuals for HIV and diagnosed 564 cases of infection. An additional 625 individuals had previously been found to be HIV-positive. Including those already on tuberculosis treatment at the time of screening, the prevalence of tuberculosis recorded in the prisons and adjacent encampments – 6.4% (6428/100 000) – is 18 times the national prevalence estimate of 0.35%. Overall, 22.9% of the inmates and 13.8% of the encampment residents were HIV-positive. Conclusion Both tuberculosis and HIV infection are common within Zambian prisons. We enhanced tuberculosis screening and improved the detection of tuberculosis and HIV in this setting. Our observations should be useful in the development of prison-based programmes for tuberculosis and HIV elsewhere. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T18:33:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1223413c640f4f9bbbfcf426c4407dcd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0042-9686 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T18:33:44Z |
| publishDate | 2015-02-01 |
| publisher | The World Health Organization |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| spelling | doaj.art-1223413c640f4f9bbbfcf426c4407dcd2024-03-02T05:19:55ZengThe World Health OrganizationBulletin of the World Health Organization0042-96862015-02-019329310110.2471/BLT.14.135285S0042-96862015000200093Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisonsKatie R MaggardSisa HatwiindaJennifer B HarrisWinifreda PhiriAnnika KrüünerKaunda KaundaStephanie M ToppNathan KapataHelen AylesChisela ChilesheGerman HenostrozaStewart E ReidObjective To improve the Zambia Prisons Service’s implementation of tuberculosis screening and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. Methods For both tuberculosis and HIV, we implemented mass screening of inmates and community-based screening of those residing in encampments adjacent to prisons. We also established routine systems – with inmates as peer educators – for the screening of newly entered or symptomatic inmates. We improved infection control measures, increased diagnostic capacity and promoted awareness of tuberculosis in Zambia’s prisons. Findings In a period of 9 months, we screened 7638 individuals and diagnosed 409 new patients with tuberculosis. We tested 4879 individuals for HIV and diagnosed 564 cases of infection. An additional 625 individuals had previously been found to be HIV-positive. Including those already on tuberculosis treatment at the time of screening, the prevalence of tuberculosis recorded in the prisons and adjacent encampments – 6.4% (6428/100 000) – is 18 times the national prevalence estimate of 0.35%. Overall, 22.9% of the inmates and 13.8% of the encampment residents were HIV-positive. Conclusion Both tuberculosis and HIV infection are common within Zambian prisons. We enhanced tuberculosis screening and improved the detection of tuberculosis and HIV in this setting. Our observations should be useful in the development of prison-based programmes for tuberculosis and HIV elsewhere.http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862015000200093&lng=en&tlng=en |
| spellingShingle | Katie R Maggard Sisa Hatwiinda Jennifer B Harris Winifreda Phiri Annika Krüüner Kaunda Kaunda Stephanie M Topp Nathan Kapata Helen Ayles Chisela Chileshe German Henostroza Stewart E Reid Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| title | Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons |
| title_full | Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons |
| title_fullStr | Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons |
| title_short | Screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in Zambian prisons |
| title_sort | screening for tuberculosis and testing for human immunodeficiency virus in zambian prisons |
| url | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862015000200093&lng=en&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT katiermaggard screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT sisahatwiinda screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT jenniferbharris screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT winifredaphiri screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT annikakruuner screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT kaundakaunda screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT stephaniemtopp screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT nathankapata screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT helenayles screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT chiselachileshe screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT germanhenostroza screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons AT stewartereid screeningfortuberculosisandtestingforhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinzambianprisons |