Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture
Emerging evidence has implicated non-neuronal cells, particularly oligodendrocytes, in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease and Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). We recently...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/16/2615 |
| _version_ | 1797410871861837824 |
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| author | Kristen H. Schuster Alexandra F. Putka Hayley S. McLoughlin |
| author_facet | Kristen H. Schuster Alexandra F. Putka Hayley S. McLoughlin |
| author_sort | Kristen H. Schuster |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Emerging evidence has implicated non-neuronal cells, particularly oligodendrocytes, in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease and Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). We recently demonstrated that cell-autonomous dysfunction of oligodendrocyte maturation is one of the of the earliest and most robust changes in vulnerable regions of the SCA3 mouse brain. However, the cell- and disease-specific mechanisms that underlie oligodendrocyte dysfunction remain poorly understood and are difficult to isolate in vivo. In this study, we used primary oligodendrocyte cultures to determine how known pathogenic SCA3 mechanisms affect this cell type. We isolated oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from 5- to 7-day-old mice that overexpress human mutant ATXN3 or lack mouse ATXN3 and differentiated them for up to 5 days in vitro. Utilizing immunocytochemistry, we characterized the contributions of ATXN3 toxic gain-of-function and loss-of-function in oligodendrocyte maturation, protein quality pathways, DNA damage signaling, and methylation status. We illustrate the utility of primary oligodendrocyte culture for elucidating cell-specific pathway dysregulation relevant to SCA3. Given recent work demonstrating disease-associated oligodendrocyte signatures in other neurodegenerative diseases, this novel model has broad applicability in revealing mechanistic insights of oligodendrocyte contribution to pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:36:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-122c89bea9924dfda1ce58cefe476693 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:36:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-122c89bea9924dfda1ce58cefe4766932023-12-03T13:27:28ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-08-011116261510.3390/cells11162615Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte CultureKristen H. Schuster0Alexandra F. Putka1Hayley S. McLoughlin2Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAEmerging evidence has implicated non-neuronal cells, particularly oligodendrocytes, in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease and Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). We recently demonstrated that cell-autonomous dysfunction of oligodendrocyte maturation is one of the of the earliest and most robust changes in vulnerable regions of the SCA3 mouse brain. However, the cell- and disease-specific mechanisms that underlie oligodendrocyte dysfunction remain poorly understood and are difficult to isolate in vivo. In this study, we used primary oligodendrocyte cultures to determine how known pathogenic SCA3 mechanisms affect this cell type. We isolated oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from 5- to 7-day-old mice that overexpress human mutant ATXN3 or lack mouse ATXN3 and differentiated them for up to 5 days in vitro. Utilizing immunocytochemistry, we characterized the contributions of ATXN3 toxic gain-of-function and loss-of-function in oligodendrocyte maturation, protein quality pathways, DNA damage signaling, and methylation status. We illustrate the utility of primary oligodendrocyte culture for elucidating cell-specific pathway dysregulation relevant to SCA3. Given recent work demonstrating disease-associated oligodendrocyte signatures in other neurodegenerative diseases, this novel model has broad applicability in revealing mechanistic insights of oligodendrocyte contribution to pathogenesis.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/16/2615spinocerebellar ataxia type 3Machado–Joseph diseaseataxiapolyglutamineoligodendrocytemyelination |
| spellingShingle | Kristen H. Schuster Alexandra F. Putka Hayley S. McLoughlin Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture Cells spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 Machado–Joseph disease ataxia polyglutamine oligodendrocyte myelination |
| title | Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture |
| title_full | Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture |
| title_fullStr | Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture |
| title_short | Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture |
| title_sort | pathogenetic mechanisms underlying spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 are altered in primary oligodendrocyte culture |
| topic | spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 Machado–Joseph disease ataxia polyglutamine oligodendrocyte myelination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/16/2615 |
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