Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea
We investigate the feasibility of electromagnetic (EM) geophysics methods to detect the dissociation of gas hydrate specifically from a gas hydrate deposit located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea via an integrated flow-geomechanics-EM geophysics simulation. To this end, coupled flow and geomec...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/10/3823 |
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| author | Hyun Chul Yoon Jihoon Kim Evan Schankee Um Joo Yong Lee |
| author_facet | Hyun Chul Yoon Jihoon Kim Evan Schankee Um Joo Yong Lee |
| author_sort | Hyun Chul Yoon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigate the feasibility of electromagnetic (EM) geophysics methods to detect the dissociation of gas hydrate specifically from a gas hydrate deposit located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea via an integrated flow-geomechanics-EM geophysics simulation. To this end, coupled flow and geomechanics simulation is first performed with the multiple porosity model employed, where a mixed formulation with the finite volume (FV) and finite element (FE) methods are taken for the flow and geomechanics, respectively. From the saturation and porosity fields obtained from the coupled flow and geomechanics, the electrical conductivity model is established for the EM simulation. Solving the partial differential equation of electrical diffusion which is linearized using the 3D finite element method (FEM), the EM fields are then computed. For numerical experiments, particularly two approaches in the configuration for the EM methods are compared in this contribution: the <i>surface-to-surface</i> and the <i>surface-to-borehole</i> methods. When the <i>surface-to-surface</i> EM method is employed, the EM is found to be less sensitive, implying low detectability. Especially for the short term of production, the low detectability is attributed to the similarity of electrical resistivity between the dissociated gas (CH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and hydrate as well as the specific dissociation pattern within the intercalated composites of the field. On the other hand, when the <i>surface-to-borehole</i> EM method is employed, its sensitivity to capture the produced gas flow is improved, confirming its detectability in monitoring gas flow. Hence, the EM geophysics simulation integrated with coupled flow and geomechanics can be a potential tool for monitoring gas hydrate deposits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:56:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-123c8bea81fb4cefafaf3555143b9fa2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:56:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-123c8bea81fb4cefafaf3555143b9fa22023-11-23T10:53:39ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-05-011510382310.3390/en15103823Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, KoreaHyun Chul Yoon0Jihoon Kim1Evan Schankee Um2Joo Yong Lee3Marine Geology & Energy Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34132, KoreaHarold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3116 TAMU Richardson Building, College Station, TX 77843, USAEarth & Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAClimate Change Response Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34132, KoreaWe investigate the feasibility of electromagnetic (EM) geophysics methods to detect the dissociation of gas hydrate specifically from a gas hydrate deposit located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea via an integrated flow-geomechanics-EM geophysics simulation. To this end, coupled flow and geomechanics simulation is first performed with the multiple porosity model employed, where a mixed formulation with the finite volume (FV) and finite element (FE) methods are taken for the flow and geomechanics, respectively. From the saturation and porosity fields obtained from the coupled flow and geomechanics, the electrical conductivity model is established for the EM simulation. Solving the partial differential equation of electrical diffusion which is linearized using the 3D finite element method (FEM), the EM fields are then computed. For numerical experiments, particularly two approaches in the configuration for the EM methods are compared in this contribution: the <i>surface-to-surface</i> and the <i>surface-to-borehole</i> methods. When the <i>surface-to-surface</i> EM method is employed, the EM is found to be less sensitive, implying low detectability. Especially for the short term of production, the low detectability is attributed to the similarity of electrical resistivity between the dissociated gas (CH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and hydrate as well as the specific dissociation pattern within the intercalated composites of the field. On the other hand, when the <i>surface-to-borehole</i> EM method is employed, its sensitivity to capture the produced gas flow is improved, confirming its detectability in monitoring gas flow. Hence, the EM geophysics simulation integrated with coupled flow and geomechanics can be a potential tool for monitoring gas hydrate deposits.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/10/3823electromagnetic geophysicscoupled flow and geomechanicsgas hydrate depositsdepressurizationUlleung Basin |
| spellingShingle | Hyun Chul Yoon Jihoon Kim Evan Schankee Um Joo Yong Lee Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea Energies electromagnetic geophysics coupled flow and geomechanics gas hydrate deposits depressurization Ulleung Basin |
| title | Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea |
| title_full | Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea |
| title_fullStr | Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea |
| title_short | Integration of Electromagnetic Geophysics Forward Simulation in Coupled Flow and Geomechanics for Monitoring a Gas Hydrate Deposit Located in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea |
| title_sort | integration of electromagnetic geophysics forward simulation in coupled flow and geomechanics for monitoring a gas hydrate deposit located in the ulleung basin east sea korea |
| topic | electromagnetic geophysics coupled flow and geomechanics gas hydrate deposits depressurization Ulleung Basin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/10/3823 |
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