Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication
Acute HSV-1 infection is associated with mild symptoms, such as fever and lesions of the mouth, face and skin. This phase is followed by a latency period before reactivation, which is associated with symptoms ranging from ulcers to encephalitis. Despite available anti-HSV-1 drugs, the development of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/4037 |
| _version_ | 1797212408920408064 |
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| author | Zulema Pérez-Martínez Jose Antonio Boga Yaiza Potes Santiago Melón Ana Coto-Montes |
| author_facet | Zulema Pérez-Martínez Jose Antonio Boga Yaiza Potes Santiago Melón Ana Coto-Montes |
| author_sort | Zulema Pérez-Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute HSV-1 infection is associated with mild symptoms, such as fever and lesions of the mouth, face and skin. This phase is followed by a latency period before reactivation, which is associated with symptoms ranging from ulcers to encephalitis. Despite available anti-HSV-1 drugs, the development of new antiviral agents is sought due to the presence of resistant viruses. Melatonin, a molecule secreted by the pineal gland, has been shown to be an antioxidant, inducer of antioxidant enzymes, and regulator of various biological processes. Clinical trials have explored its therapeutic utility in conditions including infections. This study focuses on melatonin’s role in HSV-1 replication and the underlying mechanisms. Melatonin was found to decrease the synthesis of HSV-1 proteins in infected Vero cells measured by immunofluorescence, indicating an inhibition of HSV-1 replication. Additionally, it regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes and affects proteasome activity. Melatonin activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy and suppresses apoptosis in HSV-1-infected cells. In summary, melatonin demonstrates an inhibitory role in HSV-1 replication by modulating various cellular responses, suggesting its potential utility in the treatment of viral infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:41:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1268729920be4648b6189963f52c22a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:41:55Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1268729920be4648b6189963f52c22a62024-04-12T13:20:28ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-04-01257403710.3390/ijms25074037Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 ReplicationZulema Pérez-Martínez0Jose Antonio Boga1Yaiza Potes2Santiago Melón3Ana Coto-Montes4Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, SpainServicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, SpainInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, SpainServicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, SpainInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, SpainAcute HSV-1 infection is associated with mild symptoms, such as fever and lesions of the mouth, face and skin. This phase is followed by a latency period before reactivation, which is associated with symptoms ranging from ulcers to encephalitis. Despite available anti-HSV-1 drugs, the development of new antiviral agents is sought due to the presence of resistant viruses. Melatonin, a molecule secreted by the pineal gland, has been shown to be an antioxidant, inducer of antioxidant enzymes, and regulator of various biological processes. Clinical trials have explored its therapeutic utility in conditions including infections. This study focuses on melatonin’s role in HSV-1 replication and the underlying mechanisms. Melatonin was found to decrease the synthesis of HSV-1 proteins in infected Vero cells measured by immunofluorescence, indicating an inhibition of HSV-1 replication. Additionally, it regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes and affects proteasome activity. Melatonin activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy and suppresses apoptosis in HSV-1-infected cells. In summary, melatonin demonstrates an inhibitory role in HSV-1 replication by modulating various cellular responses, suggesting its potential utility in the treatment of viral infections.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/4037melatoninherpesvirusoxidative stressER stressautophagyapoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Zulema Pérez-Martínez Jose Antonio Boga Yaiza Potes Santiago Melón Ana Coto-Montes Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication International Journal of Molecular Sciences melatonin herpesvirus oxidative stress ER stress autophagy apoptosis |
| title | Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication |
| title_full | Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication |
| title_short | Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication |
| title_sort | effect of melatonin on herpesvirus type 1 replication |
| topic | melatonin herpesvirus oxidative stress ER stress autophagy apoptosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/4037 |
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