Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is frequently encountered in transplant medicine. ED is an argument of high complexity, and its understanding requires a wide spectrum of knowledge based on many fields of basic sciences such as molecular biology, immunology, and pathology. After hematopoietic stem cell...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/623 |
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| author | Giuseppe Milone Claudia Bellofiore Salvatore Leotta Giulio Antonio Milone Alessandra Cupri Andrea Duminuco Bruno Garibaldi Giuseppe Palumbo |
| author_facet | Giuseppe Milone Claudia Bellofiore Salvatore Leotta Giulio Antonio Milone Alessandra Cupri Andrea Duminuco Bruno Garibaldi Giuseppe Palumbo |
| author_sort | Giuseppe Milone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is frequently encountered in transplant medicine. ED is an argument of high complexity, and its understanding requires a wide spectrum of knowledge based on many fields of basic sciences such as molecular biology, immunology, and pathology. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), ED participates in the pathogenesis of various complications such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), capillary leak syndrome (CLS), and engraftment syndrome (ES). In the first part of the present manuscript, we briefly review some biological aspects of factors involved in ED: adhesion molecules, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, complement, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, thrombomodulin, high-mobility group B-1 protein, nitric oxide, glycocalyx, coagulation cascade. In the second part, we review the abnormalities of these factors found in the ED complications associated with HSCT. In the third part, a review of agents used in the treatment of ED after HSCT is presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:41:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-127ea3127eba40bd9ad5bf48c711dd72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:41:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-127ea3127eba40bd9ad5bf48c711dd722023-11-23T16:51:23ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-01-0111362310.3390/jcm11030623Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on PhysiopathologyGiuseppe Milone0Claudia Bellofiore1Salvatore Leotta2Giulio Antonio Milone3Alessandra Cupri4Andrea Duminuco5Bruno Garibaldi6Giuseppe Palumbo7Divisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyDivisione di Ematologia e Unita’ di Trapianto di Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-San Marco, 95124 Catania, ItalyEndothelial dysfunction (ED) is frequently encountered in transplant medicine. ED is an argument of high complexity, and its understanding requires a wide spectrum of knowledge based on many fields of basic sciences such as molecular biology, immunology, and pathology. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), ED participates in the pathogenesis of various complications such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), capillary leak syndrome (CLS), and engraftment syndrome (ES). In the first part of the present manuscript, we briefly review some biological aspects of factors involved in ED: adhesion molecules, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, complement, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, thrombomodulin, high-mobility group B-1 protein, nitric oxide, glycocalyx, coagulation cascade. In the second part, we review the abnormalities of these factors found in the ED complications associated with HSCT. In the third part, a review of agents used in the treatment of ED after HSCT is presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/623endothelial dysfunctiontransplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathyliver sinusoidal obstructive syndrome/veno-occlusive diseasecapillary leak syndromeidiopathic pneumonia syndromeengraftment syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Giuseppe Milone Claudia Bellofiore Salvatore Leotta Giulio Antonio Milone Alessandra Cupri Andrea Duminuco Bruno Garibaldi Giuseppe Palumbo Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology Journal of Clinical Medicine endothelial dysfunction transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy liver sinusoidal obstructive syndrome/veno-occlusive disease capillary leak syndrome idiopathic pneumonia syndrome engraftment syndrome |
| title | Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology |
| title_full | Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology |
| title_fullStr | Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology |
| title_short | Endothelial Dysfunction after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review Based on Physiopathology |
| title_sort | endothelial dysfunction after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation a review based on physiopathology |
| topic | endothelial dysfunction transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy liver sinusoidal obstructive syndrome/veno-occlusive disease capillary leak syndrome idiopathic pneumonia syndrome engraftment syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/623 |
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