Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
Background: The last decade has seen a growing number of comparative studies on adaptive profiles between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), showing shared and syndrome-specific adaptive trajectories. Studies have revealed similarities in global adapt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/7/1266 |
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| author | Paolo Alfieri Francesco Scibelli Federica Alice Maria Montanaro Maria Cristina Digilio Lucilla Ravà Giovanni Valeri Stefano Vicari |
| author_facet | Paolo Alfieri Francesco Scibelli Federica Alice Maria Montanaro Maria Cristina Digilio Lucilla Ravà Giovanni Valeri Stefano Vicari |
| author_sort | Paolo Alfieri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The last decade has seen a growing number of comparative studies on adaptive profiles between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), showing shared and syndrome-specific adaptive trajectories. Studies have revealed similarities in global adaptive profiles across conditions, while some differences have been found in preschoolers on the specific sub-domains of communication and socialization. However, the majority of studies that have focused on the differences in adaptive functioning across these two conditions used a cross-sectional design. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies exploring the differences and similarities of adaptive functioning over time. Methods: We compared longitudinal data of adaptive functioning measured by Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) between two samples of children and adolescents with ASD and WBS, matched for chronological age and cognitive/developmental level at the time of the first evaluation. Results and Conclusions: We did not find any difference on the global adaptive level, both at the first evaluation and over time. However, significant differences emerged on the socialization and communication levels at the time of recruitment. Longitudinal data show that only the socialization domain remains different over time, with individuals with WBS having better functioning than those with ASD. The results on shared and distinct patterns of adaptive functioning between disorders are discussed from a developmental perspective, thus contributing to the implementation of age-specific interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1288451adc4e4a7a9efe1ccf47a8963e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-1288451adc4e4a7a9efe1ccf47a8963e2023-12-03T15:06:20ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252022-07-01137126610.3390/genes13071266Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal StudyPaolo Alfieri0Francesco Scibelli1Federica Alice Maria Montanaro2Maria Cristina Digilio3Lucilla Ravà4Giovanni Valeri5Stefano Vicari6Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00153 Rome, ItalyChild and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00153 Rome, ItalyChild and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00153 Rome, ItalyMedical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00153 Rome, ItalyEpidemiology Institute, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, ItalyChild and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00153 Rome, ItalyChild and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00153 Rome, ItalyBackground: The last decade has seen a growing number of comparative studies on adaptive profiles between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), showing shared and syndrome-specific adaptive trajectories. Studies have revealed similarities in global adaptive profiles across conditions, while some differences have been found in preschoolers on the specific sub-domains of communication and socialization. However, the majority of studies that have focused on the differences in adaptive functioning across these two conditions used a cross-sectional design. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies exploring the differences and similarities of adaptive functioning over time. Methods: We compared longitudinal data of adaptive functioning measured by Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) between two samples of children and adolescents with ASD and WBS, matched for chronological age and cognitive/developmental level at the time of the first evaluation. Results and Conclusions: We did not find any difference on the global adaptive level, both at the first evaluation and over time. However, significant differences emerged on the socialization and communication levels at the time of recruitment. Longitudinal data show that only the socialization domain remains different over time, with individuals with WBS having better functioning than those with ASD. The results on shared and distinct patterns of adaptive functioning between disorders are discussed from a developmental perspective, thus contributing to the implementation of age-specific interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/7/1266adaptive functioningcognitive functioningrare genetic syndromebehavioral phenotypeintellectual disabilitiesASD |
| spellingShingle | Paolo Alfieri Francesco Scibelli Federica Alice Maria Montanaro Maria Cristina Digilio Lucilla Ravà Giovanni Valeri Stefano Vicari Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study Genes adaptive functioning cognitive functioning rare genetic syndrome behavioral phenotype intellectual disabilities ASD |
| title | Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_full | Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_fullStr | Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_short | Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_sort | differences and similarities in adaptive functioning between children with autism spectrum disorder and williams beuren syndrome a longitudinal study |
| topic | adaptive functioning cognitive functioning rare genetic syndrome behavioral phenotype intellectual disabilities ASD |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/7/1266 |
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