Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a frequent beef cattle syndrome. Improved understanding of the timing of BRD events, including subsequent deleterious outcomes, promotes efficient resource allocation. This study’s objective was to determine differences in timing distributions of initial BRD treat...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/3/204 |
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| author | Kristen J. Smith Brad J. White David E. Amrine Robert L. Larson Miles E. Theurer Josh I. Szasz Tony C. Bryant Justin W. Waggoner |
| author_facet | Kristen J. Smith Brad J. White David E. Amrine Robert L. Larson Miles E. Theurer Josh I. Szasz Tony C. Bryant Justin W. Waggoner |
| author_sort | Kristen J. Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a frequent beef cattle syndrome. Improved understanding of the timing of BRD events, including subsequent deleterious outcomes, promotes efficient resource allocation. This study’s objective was to determine differences in timing distributions of initial BRD treatments (Tx1), days to death after initial treatment (DTD), and days after arrival to fatal disease onset (FDO). Individual animal records for the first BRD treatment (<i>n</i> = 301,721) or BRD mortality (<i>n</i> = 19,332) were received from 25 feed yards. A subset of data (318–363 kg; steers/heifers) was created and Wasserstein distances were used to compare temporal distributions of Tx1, FDO, and DTD across genders (steers/heifers) and the quarter of arrival. Disease frequency varied by quarter with the greatest Wasserstein distances observed between Q2 and Q3 and between Q2 and Q4. Cattle arriving in Q3 and Q4 had earlier Tx1 events than in Q2. Evaluating FDO and DTD revealed the greatest Wasserstein distance between cattle arriving in Q2 and Q4, with cattle arriving in Q2 having later events. Distributions of FDO varied by gender and quarter and typically had wide distributions with the largest 25–75% quartiles ranging from 20 to 80 days (heifers arriving in Q2). The DTD had right-skewed distributions with 25% of cases occurring by days 3–4 post-treatment. Results illustrate temporal disease and outcome patterns are largely right-skewed and may not be well represented by simple arithmetic means. Knowledge of typical temporal patterns allows cattle health managers to focus disease control efforts on the correct groups of cattle at the appropriate time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:46:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-12b2cec16c0b497ebfcc61e794fe79d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:46:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-12b2cec16c0b497ebfcc61e794fe79d22023-11-17T14:20:45ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812023-03-0110320410.3390/vetsci10030204Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot CattleKristen J. Smith0Brad J. White1David E. Amrine2Robert L. Larson3Miles E. Theurer4Josh I. Szasz5Tony C. Bryant6Justin W. Waggoner7Beef Cattle Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66505, USABeef Cattle Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66505, USABeef Cattle Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66505, USABeef Cattle Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66505, USAVeterinary Research and Consulting Services, LLC, Hays, KS 67601, USAFive Rivers Cattle Feeding, LLC, 4848 Thompson Pkwy #410, Johnstown, CO 80534, USAFive Rivers Cattle Feeding, LLC, 4848 Thompson Pkwy #410, Johnstown, CO 80534, USASouthwest Research and Extension, Kansas State University, Garden City, KS 67846, USABovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a frequent beef cattle syndrome. Improved understanding of the timing of BRD events, including subsequent deleterious outcomes, promotes efficient resource allocation. This study’s objective was to determine differences in timing distributions of initial BRD treatments (Tx1), days to death after initial treatment (DTD), and days after arrival to fatal disease onset (FDO). Individual animal records for the first BRD treatment (<i>n</i> = 301,721) or BRD mortality (<i>n</i> = 19,332) were received from 25 feed yards. A subset of data (318–363 kg; steers/heifers) was created and Wasserstein distances were used to compare temporal distributions of Tx1, FDO, and DTD across genders (steers/heifers) and the quarter of arrival. Disease frequency varied by quarter with the greatest Wasserstein distances observed between Q2 and Q3 and between Q2 and Q4. Cattle arriving in Q3 and Q4 had earlier Tx1 events than in Q2. Evaluating FDO and DTD revealed the greatest Wasserstein distance between cattle arriving in Q2 and Q4, with cattle arriving in Q2 having later events. Distributions of FDO varied by gender and quarter and typically had wide distributions with the largest 25–75% quartiles ranging from 20 to 80 days (heifers arriving in Q2). The DTD had right-skewed distributions with 25% of cases occurring by days 3–4 post-treatment. Results illustrate temporal disease and outcome patterns are largely right-skewed and may not be well represented by simple arithmetic means. Knowledge of typical temporal patterns allows cattle health managers to focus disease control efforts on the correct groups of cattle at the appropriate time.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/3/204bovinebovine respiratory diseaseBRDlate-feeding stagecase fatality riskfirst treatment success |
| spellingShingle | Kristen J. Smith Brad J. White David E. Amrine Robert L. Larson Miles E. Theurer Josh I. Szasz Tony C. Bryant Justin W. Waggoner Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle Veterinary Sciences bovine bovine respiratory disease BRD late-feeding stage case fatality risk first treatment success |
| title | Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle |
| title_full | Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle |
| title_short | Evaluation of First Treatment Timing, Fatal Disease Onset, and Days from First Treatment to Death Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Cattle |
| title_sort | evaluation of first treatment timing fatal disease onset and days from first treatment to death associated with bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle |
| topic | bovine bovine respiratory disease BRD late-feeding stage case fatality risk first treatment success |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/3/204 |
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