Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer
Medical imaging phantoms are considered critical in mimicking the properties of human tissue for calibration, training, surgical planning, and simulation purposes. Hence, the stability and accuracy of the imaging phantom play a significant role in diagnostic imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/3/535 |
| _version_ | 1797485195213930496 |
|---|---|
| author | Izdihar Kamal Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim Syamsiah Mashohor Josephine Ying Chyi Liew Yiin Jian Low Nur Atiqah Zaaba Mazlan Norkhairunnisa Nur Athirah Syima Mohd Rafi |
| author_facet | Izdihar Kamal Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim Syamsiah Mashohor Josephine Ying Chyi Liew Yiin Jian Low Nur Atiqah Zaaba Mazlan Norkhairunnisa Nur Athirah Syima Mohd Rafi |
| author_sort | Izdihar Kamal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Medical imaging phantoms are considered critical in mimicking the properties of human tissue for calibration, training, surgical planning, and simulation purposes. Hence, the stability and accuracy of the imaging phantom play a significant role in diagnostic imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of hydrogen silicone (HS) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O) on the compression strength, radiation attenuation properties, and computed tomography (CT) number of the blended Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples, and to verify the best material to simulate kidney tissue. Four samples with different compositions were studied, including samples S1, S2, S3, and S4, which consisted of PDMS 100%, HS/PDMS 20:80, H<sub>2</sub>O/PDMS 20:80, and HS/H<sub>2</sub>O/PDMS 20:40:40, respectively. The stability of the samples was assessed using compression testing, and the attenuation properties of sample S2 were evaluated. The effective atomic number of S2 showed a similar pattern to the human kidney tissue at 1.50 × 10<sup>−1</sup> to 1 MeV. With the use of a 120 kVp X-ray beam, the CT number quantified for S2, as well measured 40 HU, and had the highest contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) value. Therefore, the S2 sample formulation exhibited the potential to mimic the human kidney, as it has a similar dynamic and is higher in terms of stability as a medical phantom. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:16:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-12bd5bb51fdd4b4a959fbeb824104eb3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:16:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-12bd5bb51fdd4b4a959fbeb824104eb32023-11-23T17:35:27ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-01-0114353510.3390/polym14030535Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and ElastomerIzdihar Kamal0Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak1Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim2Syamsiah Mashohor3Josephine Ying Chyi Liew4Yiin Jian Low5Nur Atiqah Zaaba6Mazlan Norkhairunnisa7Nur Athirah Syima Mohd Rafi8Department of Medical Imaging, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Computer and Communication Systems, Faculty of Engineering, University of Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Imaging, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaInstitute of Advanced Technology, University of Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Imaging, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaMedical imaging phantoms are considered critical in mimicking the properties of human tissue for calibration, training, surgical planning, and simulation purposes. Hence, the stability and accuracy of the imaging phantom play a significant role in diagnostic imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of hydrogen silicone (HS) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O) on the compression strength, radiation attenuation properties, and computed tomography (CT) number of the blended Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples, and to verify the best material to simulate kidney tissue. Four samples with different compositions were studied, including samples S1, S2, S3, and S4, which consisted of PDMS 100%, HS/PDMS 20:80, H<sub>2</sub>O/PDMS 20:80, and HS/H<sub>2</sub>O/PDMS 20:40:40, respectively. The stability of the samples was assessed using compression testing, and the attenuation properties of sample S2 were evaluated. The effective atomic number of S2 showed a similar pattern to the human kidney tissue at 1.50 × 10<sup>−1</sup> to 1 MeV. With the use of a 120 kVp X-ray beam, the CT number quantified for S2, as well measured 40 HU, and had the highest contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) value. Therefore, the S2 sample formulation exhibited the potential to mimic the human kidney, as it has a similar dynamic and is higher in terms of stability as a medical phantom.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/3/535compression strengtheffective atomic numberimaging propertiesCT numberkidney phantom |
| spellingShingle | Izdihar Kamal Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim Syamsiah Mashohor Josephine Ying Chyi Liew Yiin Jian Low Nur Atiqah Zaaba Mazlan Norkhairunnisa Nur Athirah Syima Mohd Rafi Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer Polymers compression strength effective atomic number imaging properties CT number kidney phantom |
| title | Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer |
| title_full | Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer |
| title_short | Mechanical and Imaging Properties of a Clinical-Grade Kidney Phantom Based on Polydimethylsiloxane and Elastomer |
| title_sort | mechanical and imaging properties of a clinical grade kidney phantom based on polydimethylsiloxane and elastomer |
| topic | compression strength effective atomic number imaging properties CT number kidney phantom |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/3/535 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT izdiharkamal mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT hairilrashmizalabdulrazak mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT muhammadkhalisabdulkarim mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT syamsiahmashohor mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT josephineyingchyiliew mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT yiinjianlow mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT nuratiqahzaaba mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT mazlannorkhairunnisa mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer AT nurathirahsyimamohdrafi mechanicalandimagingpropertiesofaclinicalgradekidneyphantombasedonpolydimethylsiloxaneandelastomer |