Two Gut Microbiota-Derived Toxins Are Closely Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become a major health problem because of the associated high morbidity and mortality rates observed in affected patients. Gut microbiota has recently been implicated as a novel endocrine organ that plays critical roles in the regulation of cardiometabolic and rena...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tomoya Yamashita, Naofumi Yoshida, Takuo Emoto, Yoshihiro Saito, Ken-ichi Hirata
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:Toxins
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/5/297