Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance
Cardiovascular health at a young age has implications for preventing cardiovascular disease, and it is associated with improved physical and cognitive performance during the aging process. Sports are well known to prevent cardiovascular disease; however, school-based interventions have mostly been n...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/8/3/101 |
| _version_ | 1827725745000022016 |
|---|---|
| author | Tobias Jagomast Theresa Mohr Paul Niklas Axt Kai Mortensen Folke Brinkmann Markus Weckmann Gordon Ring Michael Reppel Daniel Drömann Klaas F. Franzen |
| author_facet | Tobias Jagomast Theresa Mohr Paul Niklas Axt Kai Mortensen Folke Brinkmann Markus Weckmann Gordon Ring Michael Reppel Daniel Drömann Klaas F. Franzen |
| author_sort | Tobias Jagomast |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular health at a young age has implications for preventing cardiovascular disease, and it is associated with improved physical and cognitive performance during the aging process. Sports are well known to prevent cardiovascular disease; however, school-based interventions have mostly been neglected. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare groups of high school students, stratified by the amount of physical activity in their high school curriculum and downtime. Comparisons concerning physical and cognitive performance and arterial stiffness were made. A total of 63 senior-year students were investigated. Arterial stiffness was assessed using the oscillometric technique with Arteriograph<sup>TM</sup> detection. Three-kilometer and pendulum runs were conducted as typical training loads. Cognitive performance was evaluated via the visual and verbal memory and number connection tests. Regarding cognitive skills, extracurricular physical activity improved the number connection test in male participants (<i>p</i> = 0.004). For physical performance, female students with a sports-focused curriculum were faster in the 3 km run (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Concerning arterial stiffness, the measurements yielded a lower mean arterial pressure (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and aortic pulse wave velocity (<i>p</i> = 0.04) in male students with a sports-focused curriculum. In summary, extracurricular physical activity and enrollment in a sports-focused curriculum may be associated with lower cardiovascular risk due to lower arterial stiffness and better physical and cognitive abilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-12de5eaa31574d10bfa2440bb570ae45 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5142 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-12de5eaa31574d10bfa2440bb570ae452023-11-19T11:23:57ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422023-07-018310110.3390/jfmk8030101Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical PerformanceTobias Jagomast0Theresa Mohr1Paul Niklas Axt2Kai Mortensen3Folke Brinkmann4Markus Weckmann5Gordon Ring6Michael Reppel7Daniel Drömann8Klaas F. Franzen9Medical Clinic III, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Alle 160, 23562 Luebeck, GermanyMedical Clinic III, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Alle 160, 23562 Luebeck, GermanyMedical Clinic III, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Alle 160, 23562 Luebeck, GermanyCardiology Kiel, 24116 Kiel, GermanyAirway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927 Großhansdorf, GermanyAirway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927 Großhansdorf, GermanyDRK Krankenhaus Mölln-Ratzeburg, Anästhesie, Röpersberg 2, 23909 Ratzeburg, GermanyClinic for Rhythmology, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 Lübeck, GermanyMedical Clinic III, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Alle 160, 23562 Luebeck, GermanyMedical Clinic III, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Alle 160, 23562 Luebeck, GermanyCardiovascular health at a young age has implications for preventing cardiovascular disease, and it is associated with improved physical and cognitive performance during the aging process. Sports are well known to prevent cardiovascular disease; however, school-based interventions have mostly been neglected. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare groups of high school students, stratified by the amount of physical activity in their high school curriculum and downtime. Comparisons concerning physical and cognitive performance and arterial stiffness were made. A total of 63 senior-year students were investigated. Arterial stiffness was assessed using the oscillometric technique with Arteriograph<sup>TM</sup> detection. Three-kilometer and pendulum runs were conducted as typical training loads. Cognitive performance was evaluated via the visual and verbal memory and number connection tests. Regarding cognitive skills, extracurricular physical activity improved the number connection test in male participants (<i>p</i> = 0.004). For physical performance, female students with a sports-focused curriculum were faster in the 3 km run (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Concerning arterial stiffness, the measurements yielded a lower mean arterial pressure (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and aortic pulse wave velocity (<i>p</i> = 0.04) in male students with a sports-focused curriculum. In summary, extracurricular physical activity and enrollment in a sports-focused curriculum may be associated with lower cardiovascular risk due to lower arterial stiffness and better physical and cognitive abilities.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/8/3/101arterial stiffnesspupilsstudentspreventionsportscognitive performance |
| spellingShingle | Tobias Jagomast Theresa Mohr Paul Niklas Axt Kai Mortensen Folke Brinkmann Markus Weckmann Gordon Ring Michael Reppel Daniel Drömann Klaas F. Franzen Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology arterial stiffness pupils students prevention sports cognitive performance |
| title | Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance |
| title_full | Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance |
| title_short | Effects of Physical Activity in the High School Curriculum on Cardiovascular Health, Cognitive and Physical Performance |
| title_sort | effects of physical activity in the high school curriculum on cardiovascular health cognitive and physical performance |
| topic | arterial stiffness pupils students prevention sports cognitive performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/8/3/101 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tobiasjagomast effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT theresamohr effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT paulniklasaxt effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT kaimortensen effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT folkebrinkmann effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT markusweckmann effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT gordonring effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT michaelreppel effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT danieldromann effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance AT klaasffranzen effectsofphysicalactivityinthehighschoolcurriculumoncardiovascularhealthcognitiveandphysicalperformance |