Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies
Failure of brainstem supranuclear centers for saccadic eye movements results in the clinical presence of a brainstem-mediated supranuclear saccadic gaze palsy (SGP), which is manifested as slowing of saccades with or without range of motion limitation of eye movements and as loss of quick phases of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00429/full |
| _version_ | 1828347892153188352 |
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| author | Alexandra Lloyd-Smith Sequeira John-Ross Rizzo John-Ross Rizzo Janet C. Rucker Janet C. Rucker |
| author_facet | Alexandra Lloyd-Smith Sequeira John-Ross Rizzo John-Ross Rizzo Janet C. Rucker Janet C. Rucker |
| author_sort | Alexandra Lloyd-Smith Sequeira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Failure of brainstem supranuclear centers for saccadic eye movements results in the clinical presence of a brainstem-mediated supranuclear saccadic gaze palsy (SGP), which is manifested as slowing of saccades with or without range of motion limitation of eye movements and as loss of quick phases of optokinetic nystagmus. Limitation in the range of motion of eye movements is typically worse with saccades than with smooth pursuit and is overcome with vestibular–ocular reflexive eye movements. The differential diagnosis of SGPs is broad, although acute-onset SGP is most often from brainstem infarction and chronic vertical SGP is most commonly caused by the neurodegenerative condition progressive supranuclear palsy. In this review, we discuss the brainstem anatomy and physiology of the brainstem saccade-generating network; we discuss the clinical features of SGPs, with an emphasis on insights from quantitative ocular motor recordings; and we consider the broad differential diagnosis of SGPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:46:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-12ea1e7e29db4d1d9b2fe9a1b511a665 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:46:49Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-12ea1e7e29db4d1d9b2fe9a1b511a6652022-12-22T02:22:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952017-08-01810.3389/fneur.2017.00429279152Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze PalsiesAlexandra Lloyd-Smith Sequeira0John-Ross Rizzo1John-Ross Rizzo2Janet C. Rucker3Janet C. Rucker4Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United StatesFailure of brainstem supranuclear centers for saccadic eye movements results in the clinical presence of a brainstem-mediated supranuclear saccadic gaze palsy (SGP), which is manifested as slowing of saccades with or without range of motion limitation of eye movements and as loss of quick phases of optokinetic nystagmus. Limitation in the range of motion of eye movements is typically worse with saccades than with smooth pursuit and is overcome with vestibular–ocular reflexive eye movements. The differential diagnosis of SGPs is broad, although acute-onset SGP is most often from brainstem infarction and chronic vertical SGP is most commonly caused by the neurodegenerative condition progressive supranuclear palsy. In this review, we discuss the brainstem anatomy and physiology of the brainstem saccade-generating network; we discuss the clinical features of SGPs, with an emphasis on insights from quantitative ocular motor recordings; and we consider the broad differential diagnosis of SGPs.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00429/fullsupranuclearsaccadesburst neuronprogressive supranuclear palsyslow saccades |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Lloyd-Smith Sequeira John-Ross Rizzo John-Ross Rizzo Janet C. Rucker Janet C. Rucker Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies Frontiers in Neurology supranuclear saccades burst neuron progressive supranuclear palsy slow saccades |
| title | Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies |
| title_full | Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies |
| title_short | Clinical Approach to Supranuclear Brainstem Saccadic Gaze Palsies |
| title_sort | clinical approach to supranuclear brainstem saccadic gaze palsies |
| topic | supranuclear saccades burst neuron progressive supranuclear palsy slow saccades |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2017.00429/full |
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