Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina
Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury has been associated with several retinal pathologies, and a few genes/gene products have been linked to IR injury. However, the big picture of temporal changes, regarding the affected gene networks, pathways, and processes remains to be determined. The purpose of the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4137/OED.S17671 |
| _version_ | 1819112915021594624 |
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| author | Kalina Andreeva Meixia Zhang Wei Fan Xiaohong Li Yinlu Chen Jovan D. Rebolledo-Mendez Nigel G. Cooper |
| author_facet | Kalina Andreeva Meixia Zhang Wei Fan Xiaohong Li Yinlu Chen Jovan D. Rebolledo-Mendez Nigel G. Cooper |
| author_sort | Kalina Andreeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury has been associated with several retinal pathologies, and a few genes/gene products have been linked to IR injury. However, the big picture of temporal changes, regarding the affected gene networks, pathways, and processes remains to be determined. The purpose of the present study was to investigate initial, intermediate, and later stages to characterize the etiology of IR injury in terms of the pathways affected over time. Analyses indicated that at the initial stage, 0-hour reperfusion following the ischemic period, the ischemia-associated genes were related to changes in metabolism. In contrast, at the 24-hour time point, the signature events in reperfusion injury include enhanced inflammatory and immune responses as well as cell death indicating that this would be a critical period for the development of any interventional therapeutic strategies. Genes in the signal transduction pathways, particularly transmitter receptors, are downregulated at this time. Activation of the complement system pathway clearly plays an important role in the later stages of reperfusion injury. Together, these results demonstrate that the etiology of injury related to IR is characterized by the appearance of specific patterns of gene expression at any given time point during retinal IR injury. These results indicate that evaluation of treatment strategies with respect to time is very critical. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:21:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-12ec8193eae94d0e93d49556d5af96dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1721 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:21:05Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-12ec8193eae94d0e93d49556d5af96dd2022-12-21T18:39:16ZengSAGE PublishingOphthalmology and Eye Diseases1179-17212014-01-01610.4137/OED.S17671Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in RetinaKalina Andreeva0Meixia Zhang1Wei Fan2Xiaohong Li3Yinlu Chen4Jovan D. Rebolledo-Mendez5Nigel G. Cooper6Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury has been associated with several retinal pathologies, and a few genes/gene products have been linked to IR injury. However, the big picture of temporal changes, regarding the affected gene networks, pathways, and processes remains to be determined. The purpose of the present study was to investigate initial, intermediate, and later stages to characterize the etiology of IR injury in terms of the pathways affected over time. Analyses indicated that at the initial stage, 0-hour reperfusion following the ischemic period, the ischemia-associated genes were related to changes in metabolism. In contrast, at the 24-hour time point, the signature events in reperfusion injury include enhanced inflammatory and immune responses as well as cell death indicating that this would be a critical period for the development of any interventional therapeutic strategies. Genes in the signal transduction pathways, particularly transmitter receptors, are downregulated at this time. Activation of the complement system pathway clearly plays an important role in the later stages of reperfusion injury. Together, these results demonstrate that the etiology of injury related to IR is characterized by the appearance of specific patterns of gene expression at any given time point during retinal IR injury. These results indicate that evaluation of treatment strategies with respect to time is very critical.https://doi.org/10.4137/OED.S17671 |
| spellingShingle | Kalina Andreeva Meixia Zhang Wei Fan Xiaohong Li Yinlu Chen Jovan D. Rebolledo-Mendez Nigel G. Cooper Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases |
| title | Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina |
| title_full | Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina |
| title_fullStr | Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina |
| title_short | Time-Dependent Gene Profiling Indicates the Presence of Different Phases for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Retina |
| title_sort | time dependent gene profiling indicates the presence of different phases for ischemia reperfusion injury in retina |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4137/OED.S17671 |
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