Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3
Abstract Background Macrolide antibiotics have been extensively used for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains of S. aureus has become a major concern for public health. The molecular mechanisms underlying macrolide resistance in S....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03169-1 |
| _version_ | 1797350039312400384 |
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| author | Tarek El-Said El-Banna Fatma Ibrahim Sonbol Amal M. Abo Kamer Sara Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud Badr |
| author_facet | Tarek El-Said El-Banna Fatma Ibrahim Sonbol Amal M. Abo Kamer Sara Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud Badr |
| author_sort | Tarek El-Said El-Banna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Macrolide antibiotics have been extensively used for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains of S. aureus has become a major concern for public health. The molecular mechanisms underlying macrolide resistance in S. aureus are complex and diverse, involving both target site modification and efflux pump systems. In this study, we aim to overcome the molecular diversity of macrolide resistance mechanisms in S. aureus by identifying common molecular targets that could be exploited for the development of novel therapeutics. Methods About 300 Staphylococcus aureus different isolates were recovered and purified from 921 clinical specimen including urine (88), blood (156), sputum (264), nasal swabs (168), pus (181) and bone (39) collected from different departments in Tanta University Hospital. Macrolide resistant isolates were detected and tested for Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Gel electrophoresis was performed after the D test and PCR reaction for erm(A), (B), (C), msr(A), and mph(C) genes. Finally, we tried different combinations of Erythromycin or Azithromycin antibiotics with either vitamin K3 or vitamin C. Results Macrolide resistance S. aureus isolates exhibited 7 major resistance patterns according to number of resistance markers and each pattern included sub patterns or subgroups. The PCR amplified products of different erm genes; analysis recorded different phenotypes of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates according to their different genotypes. In addition, our new tested combinations of Erythromycin and vitamin C, Erythromycin, and vitamin K3, Azithromycin and vitamin C and Azithromycin and vitamin K3 showed significant antibacterial effect when using every antibiotic alone. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of macrolide resistance in S. aureus and offer potential strategies for the development of novel protocols to overcome this emerging public health threat. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:40:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-12ee6fe9cd194fee8e89627a4d1f9a18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:40:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-12ee6fe9cd194fee8e89627a4d1f9a182024-01-21T12:12:50ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802024-01-0124112310.1186/s12866-023-03169-1Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3Tarek El-Said El-Banna0Fatma Ibrahim Sonbol1Amal M. Abo Kamer2Sara Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud Badr3Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Tanta UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Tanta UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Tanta UniversityAbstract Background Macrolide antibiotics have been extensively used for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains of S. aureus has become a major concern for public health. The molecular mechanisms underlying macrolide resistance in S. aureus are complex and diverse, involving both target site modification and efflux pump systems. In this study, we aim to overcome the molecular diversity of macrolide resistance mechanisms in S. aureus by identifying common molecular targets that could be exploited for the development of novel therapeutics. Methods About 300 Staphylococcus aureus different isolates were recovered and purified from 921 clinical specimen including urine (88), blood (156), sputum (264), nasal swabs (168), pus (181) and bone (39) collected from different departments in Tanta University Hospital. Macrolide resistant isolates were detected and tested for Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Gel electrophoresis was performed after the D test and PCR reaction for erm(A), (B), (C), msr(A), and mph(C) genes. Finally, we tried different combinations of Erythromycin or Azithromycin antibiotics with either vitamin K3 or vitamin C. Results Macrolide resistance S. aureus isolates exhibited 7 major resistance patterns according to number of resistance markers and each pattern included sub patterns or subgroups. The PCR amplified products of different erm genes; analysis recorded different phenotypes of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates according to their different genotypes. In addition, our new tested combinations of Erythromycin and vitamin C, Erythromycin, and vitamin K3, Azithromycin and vitamin C and Azithromycin and vitamin K3 showed significant antibacterial effect when using every antibiotic alone. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of macrolide resistance in S. aureus and offer potential strategies for the development of novel protocols to overcome this emerging public health threat.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03169-1Staphylococcus aureusErm genesMacrolidesVitamin CVitamin K 3 |
| spellingShingle | Tarek El-Said El-Banna Fatma Ibrahim Sonbol Amal M. Abo Kamer Sara Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud Badr Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3 BMC Microbiology Staphylococcus aureus Erm genes Macrolides Vitamin C Vitamin K 3 |
| title | Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3 |
| title_full | Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3 |
| title_fullStr | Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3 |
| title_short | Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3 |
| title_sort | genetic diversity of macrolides resistant staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins c and k3 |
| topic | Staphylococcus aureus Erm genes Macrolides Vitamin C Vitamin K 3 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03169-1 |
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