<i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i>
As a plant-specific endoreplication regulator, the SIAMESE-RELATED (<i>SMR</i>) family (a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) plays an important role in plant growth and development and resistance to stress. Although the genes of the maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) <i>SMR</i&...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Lulu Bao Jihao Si Mingming Zhai Na Liu Haoran Qu Christian Capulong Jinyuan Li Qianqian Liu Yilin Liu Chenggang Huang Maoxi Zhang Zhengxiong Ao Aojun Yang Chao Qin Dongwei Guo |
| author_facet | Lulu Bao Jihao Si Mingming Zhai Na Liu Haoran Qu Christian Capulong Jinyuan Li Qianqian Liu Yilin Liu Chenggang Huang Maoxi Zhang Zhengxiong Ao Aojun Yang Chao Qin Dongwei Guo |
| author_sort | Lulu Bao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As a plant-specific endoreplication regulator, the SIAMESE-RELATED (<i>SMR</i>) family (a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) plays an important role in plant growth and development and resistance to stress. Although the genes of the maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) <i>SMR</i> family have been studied extensively, the <i>ZmSMR10</i> (Zm00001eb231280) gene has not been reported. In this study, the function of this gene was characterized by overexpression and silencing. Compared with the control, the transgenic plants exhibited the phenotypes of early maturation, dwarfing, and drought resistance. Expression of the protein in prokaryotes demonstrates that ZmSMR10 is a small protein, and the results of subcellular localization suggest that it travels functionally in the nucleus. Unlike ZmSMR4, yeast two-hybrid experiments demonstrated that ZmSMR10 does not interact strongly with with some cell cycle protein-dependent protein kinase (CDK) family members ZmCDKA;1/ZmCDKA;3/ZmCDKB1;1. Instead, it interacts strongly with ZmPCNA2 and ZmCSN5B. Based on these results, we concluded that ZmSMR10 is involved in the regulation of endoreplication through the interaction of ZmPCNA2 and ZmCSN5B. These findings provide a theoretical basis to understand the mechanism of the regulation of endoreplication and improve the yield of maize through the use of molecular techniques. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:11:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-12fb7cb4fede4d0f809f3e47ad817ebb2024-03-27T13:45:50ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-03-01256335610.3390/ijms25063356<i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i>Lulu Bao0Jihao Si1Mingming Zhai2Na Liu3Haoran Qu4Christian Capulong5Jinyuan Li6Qianqian Liu7Yilin Liu8Chenggang Huang9Maoxi Zhang10Zhengxiong Ao11Aojun Yang12Chao Qin13Dongwei Guo14Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaAs a plant-specific endoreplication regulator, the SIAMESE-RELATED (<i>SMR</i>) family (a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) plays an important role in plant growth and development and resistance to stress. Although the genes of the maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) <i>SMR</i> family have been studied extensively, the <i>ZmSMR10</i> (Zm00001eb231280) gene has not been reported. In this study, the function of this gene was characterized by overexpression and silencing. Compared with the control, the transgenic plants exhibited the phenotypes of early maturation, dwarfing, and drought resistance. Expression of the protein in prokaryotes demonstrates that ZmSMR10 is a small protein, and the results of subcellular localization suggest that it travels functionally in the nucleus. Unlike ZmSMR4, yeast two-hybrid experiments demonstrated that ZmSMR10 does not interact strongly with with some cell cycle protein-dependent protein kinase (CDK) family members ZmCDKA;1/ZmCDKA;3/ZmCDKB1;1. Instead, it interacts strongly with ZmPCNA2 and ZmCSN5B. Based on these results, we concluded that ZmSMR10 is involved in the regulation of endoreplication through the interaction of ZmPCNA2 and ZmCSN5B. These findings provide a theoretical basis to understand the mechanism of the regulation of endoreplication and improve the yield of maize through the use of molecular techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3356endoreplicationmaize<i>ZmSMR10</i>growthdevelopmentinteractions |
| spellingShingle | Lulu Bao Jihao Si Mingming Zhai Na Liu Haoran Qu Christian Capulong Jinyuan Li Qianqian Liu Yilin Liu Chenggang Huang Maoxi Zhang Zhengxiong Ao Aojun Yang Chao Qin Dongwei Guo <i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences endoreplication maize <i>ZmSMR10</i> growth development interactions |
| title | <i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i> |
| title_full | <i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i> |
| title_fullStr | <i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i> |
| title_short | <i>ZmSMR10</i> Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with <i>ZmPCNA2</i> and <i>ZmCSN5B</i> |
| title_sort | i zmsmr10 i increases the level of endoreplication of plants through its interactions with i zmpcna2 i and i zmcsn5b i |
| topic | endoreplication maize <i>ZmSMR10</i> growth development interactions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3356 |
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