Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures
The effects of six essential oils (EO) on rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation were evaluated under in vitro conditions. Three doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/l) of EO were evaluated using in vitro 24 h batch culture of rumen fluid with a 55 : 45 forage : concentrate diet. Treatments were control (CO...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2013-06-01
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| Series: | Czech Journal of Animal Science |
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| Online Access: | https://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjs-201306-0001_evaluating-the-effects-of-six-essential-oils-on-fermentation-and-biohydrogenation-in-in-vitro-rumen-batch-cultu.php |
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| author | M. Gunal A. Ishlak A.A. Abughazaleh |
| author_facet | M. Gunal A. Ishlak A.A. Abughazaleh |
| author_sort | M. Gunal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effects of six essential oils (EO) on rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation were evaluated under in vitro conditions. Three doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/l) of EO were evaluated using in vitro 24 h batch culture of rumen fluid with a 55 : 45 forage : concentrate diet. Treatments were control (CON), control with Siberian fir needle oil (FNO), citronella oil (CTO), rosemary oil (RMO), sage oil (SAO), white thyme oil (WTO), and clove oil (CLO). Treatments were incubated in triplicate in 125 ml flasks containing 500 mg of finely ground total mixed ration (TMR), 25 mg of soybean oil, 10 ml of the strained ruminal fluid, 40 ml of media, and 2 ml of reducing solution. After 24 h, the pH was determined and samples were collected to analyze ammonia N, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and fatty acids (FA). Cultures pH was not affected by EO averaging 6.6 ± 0.2. In general, high EO doses reduced the total VFA concentration except for SAO and RMO. Relative to CON, all EO decreased (P < 0.05) ammonia N concentrations except for the highest dose of WTO. Except for SAO, EO did not modify acetate to propionate ratio. Relative to CON, the addition of CTO and FNO increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of isobutyrate and decreased (P < 0.05) the proportions of valerate and isovalerate. The concentrations (mg/culture) of C18:0 and C18:1 trans FA decreased (P < 0.05) with CTO, FNO, RMO, and SAO relative to CON. Most tested EO in this study had little to no effects on conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), and linoleic and linolenic acids concentrations. In conclusion, results from this study showed that except for effects on ammonia N, EO tested in this study had moderate effects on rumen fermentation. The reduction in the formation of trans FA and C18:0 with some EO may indicate shifts in the biohydrogenation pathways toward the formation of other unidentified intermediate FA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T08:25:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1306d14690624782acbfdfadb9c910f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1212-1819 1805-9309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T08:25:46Z |
| publishDate | 2013-06-01 |
| publisher | Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Czech Journal of Animal Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-1306d14690624782acbfdfadb9c910f82023-02-23T03:33:06ZengCzech Academy of Agricultural SciencesCzech Journal of Animal Science1212-18191805-93092013-06-0158624325210.17221/6822-CJAScjs-201306-0001Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch culturesM. Gunal0A. Ishlak1A.A. Abughazaleh2Department of Animal Science, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, TurkeyDepartment of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, USADepartment of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, USAThe effects of six essential oils (EO) on rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation were evaluated under in vitro conditions. Three doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/l) of EO were evaluated using in vitro 24 h batch culture of rumen fluid with a 55 : 45 forage : concentrate diet. Treatments were control (CON), control with Siberian fir needle oil (FNO), citronella oil (CTO), rosemary oil (RMO), sage oil (SAO), white thyme oil (WTO), and clove oil (CLO). Treatments were incubated in triplicate in 125 ml flasks containing 500 mg of finely ground total mixed ration (TMR), 25 mg of soybean oil, 10 ml of the strained ruminal fluid, 40 ml of media, and 2 ml of reducing solution. After 24 h, the pH was determined and samples were collected to analyze ammonia N, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and fatty acids (FA). Cultures pH was not affected by EO averaging 6.6 ± 0.2. In general, high EO doses reduced the total VFA concentration except for SAO and RMO. Relative to CON, all EO decreased (P < 0.05) ammonia N concentrations except for the highest dose of WTO. Except for SAO, EO did not modify acetate to propionate ratio. Relative to CON, the addition of CTO and FNO increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of isobutyrate and decreased (P < 0.05) the proportions of valerate and isovalerate. The concentrations (mg/culture) of C18:0 and C18:1 trans FA decreased (P < 0.05) with CTO, FNO, RMO, and SAO relative to CON. Most tested EO in this study had little to no effects on conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), and linoleic and linolenic acids concentrations. In conclusion, results from this study showed that except for effects on ammonia N, EO tested in this study had moderate effects on rumen fermentation. The reduction in the formation of trans FA and C18:0 with some EO may indicate shifts in the biohydrogenation pathways toward the formation of other unidentified intermediate FA.https://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjs-201306-0001_evaluating-the-effects-of-six-essential-oils-on-fermentation-and-biohydrogenation-in-in-vitro-rumen-batch-cultu.phpplant extractsvolantile fatty acidstrans fatty acidsin vitro |
| spellingShingle | M. Gunal A. Ishlak A.A. Abughazaleh Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures Czech Journal of Animal Science plant extracts volantile fatty acids trans fatty acids in vitro |
| title | Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures |
| title_full | Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures |
| title_short | Evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures |
| title_sort | evaluating the effects of six essential oils on fermentation and biohydrogenation in in vitro rumen batch cultures |
| topic | plant extracts volantile fatty acids trans fatty acids in vitro |
| url | https://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjs-201306-0001_evaluating-the-effects-of-six-essential-oils-on-fermentation-and-biohydrogenation-in-in-vitro-rumen-batch-cultu.php |
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