Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead
In this study, the performance of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) with a discrete phase shift strategy is examined in multiple-antenna systems. Considering the IRS network overhead, the achievable rate model is newly designed to evaluate the practical IRS system performance. Finding the optim...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/12/1753 |
| _version_ | 1797459236592025600 |
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| author | Jaehong Kim Heejung Yu Xin Kang Jingon Joung |
| author_facet | Jaehong Kim Heejung Yu Xin Kang Jingon Joung |
| author_sort | Jaehong Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the performance of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) with a discrete phase shift strategy is examined in multiple-antenna systems. Considering the IRS network overhead, the achievable rate model is newly designed to evaluate the practical IRS system performance. Finding the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shifts and a corresponding phase shift vector is an NP-hard combinatorial problem with an extremely large search complexity. Recognizing the performance trade-off between the IRS passive beamforming gain and IRS signaling overheads, the incremental search method is proposed to present the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shift. Moreover, two low-complexity sub-algorithms are suggested to obtain the IRS discrete phase shift vector during the incremental search algorithms. The proposed incremental search-based discrete phase shift method can efficiently obtain the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shift that maximizes the overhead-aware achievable rate. Simulation results show that the discrete phase shift with the incremental search method outperforms the conventional analog phase shift by choosing the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shift. Furthermore, the cumulative distribution function comparison shows the superiority of the proposed method over the entire coverage area. Specifically, it is shown that more than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>20</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> of coverage extension can be accomplished by deploying IRS with the proposed method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:49:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-130a089a3df1466d8bf42acf40ed9fa9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:49:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-130a089a3df1466d8bf42acf40ed9fa92023-11-24T14:42:22ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002022-11-012412175310.3390/e24121753Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network OverheadJaehong Kim0Heejung Yu1Xin Kang 2Jingon Joung 3School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of KoreaCenter for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, ChinaSchool of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of KoreaIn this study, the performance of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) with a discrete phase shift strategy is examined in multiple-antenna systems. Considering the IRS network overhead, the achievable rate model is newly designed to evaluate the practical IRS system performance. Finding the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shifts and a corresponding phase shift vector is an NP-hard combinatorial problem with an extremely large search complexity. Recognizing the performance trade-off between the IRS passive beamforming gain and IRS signaling overheads, the incremental search method is proposed to present the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shift. Moreover, two low-complexity sub-algorithms are suggested to obtain the IRS discrete phase shift vector during the incremental search algorithms. The proposed incremental search-based discrete phase shift method can efficiently obtain the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shift that maximizes the overhead-aware achievable rate. Simulation results show that the discrete phase shift with the incremental search method outperforms the conventional analog phase shift by choosing the optimal resolution of the IRS discrete phase shift. Furthermore, the cumulative distribution function comparison shows the superiority of the proposed method over the entire coverage area. Specifically, it is shown that more than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>20</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> of coverage extension can be accomplished by deploying IRS with the proposed method.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/12/1753intelligent reflecting surfacediscrete phase shiftsignaling overheadblock coordinate descentgreedy algorithmincremental search |
| spellingShingle | Jaehong Kim Heejung Yu Xin Kang Jingon Joung Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead Entropy intelligent reflecting surface discrete phase shift signaling overhead block coordinate descent greedy algorithm incremental search |
| title | Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead |
| title_full | Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead |
| title_fullStr | Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead |
| title_full_unstemmed | Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead |
| title_short | Discrete Phase Shifts of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Systems Considering Network Overhead |
| title_sort | discrete phase shifts of intelligent reflecting surface systems considering network overhead |
| topic | intelligent reflecting surface discrete phase shift signaling overhead block coordinate descent greedy algorithm incremental search |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/12/1753 |
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