Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach
Particles that modify delivery characteristics are a focus of drug-loading research. Hydroxyapatite particles (HAPs) have excellent biocompatibility, shape controllability, and high adsorption, making them a potential candidate for drug-delivery carriers. However, there are still some defects in the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Crystals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/6/703 |
| _version_ | 1797529538143453184 |
|---|---|
| author | Yi Wen Jinsheng Li Haotian Lin Hao Huang Keke Song Ke Duan Tailin Guo Jie Weng |
| author_facet | Yi Wen Jinsheng Li Haotian Lin Hao Huang Keke Song Ke Duan Tailin Guo Jie Weng |
| author_sort | Yi Wen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Particles that modify delivery characteristics are a focus of drug-loading research. Hydroxyapatite particles (HAPs) have excellent biocompatibility, shape controllability, and high adsorption, making them a potential candidate for drug-delivery carriers. However, there are still some defects in the current methods used to prepare HAPs. In order to avoid agglomeration and improve the drug-loading properties of HAPs, the present study provides a novel triethylamine (TEA)-capped coprecipitation template method to prepare HAPs at room temperature. In addition, pure water and anhydrous ethanol were used as solvents to investigate the capping effect of the small-molecule capping agent TEA during the synthesis of HAPs. The results showed that the HAPs prepared in the TEA ethanol system had a smaller particle size (150–250 nm), better dispersion and higher crystallinity. The results were significantly different from those of the conventional preparation methods without TEA. However, the hydroxyapatite crystal would agglomerate to a certain extent after being stored for a period of time, forming micro/nano-sized agglomerates of nanocrystals. FITR analysis and SEM observation showed that the capping effect of TEA promoted the formation of a smaller template and dispersed HAPs were quickly formed by dissolution and reprecipitation processes. The drug-loading experiments showed that the HAPs prepared in the TEA ethanol system had high drug-loading capacity (239.8 ± 13.4 mg·g<sup>−1</sup>) as well as an improved drug-release profile demonstrated in the drug-release experiment. The larger specific surface area associated with the smaller particle size was beneficial to the adsorption of drugs. After drying at 60 °C, TEA was evaporated from the HAPs which agglomerated into larger micron particles with more drug encapsulated. Thus, the effect of a sustained release was achieved. In the present research, a novel approach was developed by using triethylamine as the capping agent to prepare micro/nano-sized agglomerates of HAP nanocrystals with improved drug loading, which is predicted to have potential application in drug delivery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:16:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-130d7ee5d74e48f8bd92ed978aef2c56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:16:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-130d7ee5d74e48f8bd92ed978aef2c562023-11-22T00:48:04ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-06-0111670310.3390/cryst11060703Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel ApproachYi Wen0Jinsheng Li1Haotian Lin2Hao Huang3Keke Song4Ke Duan5Tailin Guo6Jie Weng7Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaCollege of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaSichuan Provincial Lab of Orthopaedic Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, ChinaCollege of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, ChinaParticles that modify delivery characteristics are a focus of drug-loading research. Hydroxyapatite particles (HAPs) have excellent biocompatibility, shape controllability, and high adsorption, making them a potential candidate for drug-delivery carriers. However, there are still some defects in the current methods used to prepare HAPs. In order to avoid agglomeration and improve the drug-loading properties of HAPs, the present study provides a novel triethylamine (TEA)-capped coprecipitation template method to prepare HAPs at room temperature. In addition, pure water and anhydrous ethanol were used as solvents to investigate the capping effect of the small-molecule capping agent TEA during the synthesis of HAPs. The results showed that the HAPs prepared in the TEA ethanol system had a smaller particle size (150–250 nm), better dispersion and higher crystallinity. The results were significantly different from those of the conventional preparation methods without TEA. However, the hydroxyapatite crystal would agglomerate to a certain extent after being stored for a period of time, forming micro/nano-sized agglomerates of nanocrystals. FITR analysis and SEM observation showed that the capping effect of TEA promoted the formation of a smaller template and dispersed HAPs were quickly formed by dissolution and reprecipitation processes. The drug-loading experiments showed that the HAPs prepared in the TEA ethanol system had high drug-loading capacity (239.8 ± 13.4 mg·g<sup>−1</sup>) as well as an improved drug-release profile demonstrated in the drug-release experiment. The larger specific surface area associated with the smaller particle size was beneficial to the adsorption of drugs. After drying at 60 °C, TEA was evaporated from the HAPs which agglomerated into larger micron particles with more drug encapsulated. Thus, the effect of a sustained release was achieved. In the present research, a novel approach was developed by using triethylamine as the capping agent to prepare micro/nano-sized agglomerates of HAP nanocrystals with improved drug loading, which is predicted to have potential application in drug delivery.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/6/703hydroxyapatitecrystal growthnanocrystalsdrug delivery |
| spellingShingle | Yi Wen Jinsheng Li Haotian Lin Hao Huang Keke Song Ke Duan Tailin Guo Jie Weng Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach Crystals hydroxyapatite crystal growth nanocrystals drug delivery |
| title | Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach |
| title_full | Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach |
| title_fullStr | Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach |
| title_short | Improvement of Drug-Loading Properties of Hydroxyapatite Particles Using Triethylamine as a Capping Agent: A Novel Approach |
| title_sort | improvement of drug loading properties of hydroxyapatite particles using triethylamine as a capping agent a novel approach |
| topic | hydroxyapatite crystal growth nanocrystals drug delivery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/6/703 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yiwen improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT jinshengli improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT haotianlin improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT haohuang improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT kekesong improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT keduan improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT tailinguo improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach AT jieweng improvementofdrugloadingpropertiesofhydroxyapatiteparticlesusingtriethylamineasacappingagentanovelapproach |