AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA
The purpose of this study was to assess long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) status in relation to socio-behavioral outcomes in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD). In a case-control design, plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed in children aged 5–1...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Human Nutrition & Metabolism |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149722000469 |
| _version_ | 1797901780939440128 |
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| author | John J. Miklavcic Ellen Ivity Ian M. MacDonald Liana Urichuk Vera C. Mazurak Christina Rinaldi Michael T. Clandinin |
| author_facet | John J. Miklavcic Ellen Ivity Ian M. MacDonald Liana Urichuk Vera C. Mazurak Christina Rinaldi Michael T. Clandinin |
| author_sort | John J. Miklavcic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this study was to assess long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) status in relation to socio-behavioral outcomes in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD). In a case-control design, plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed in children aged 5–12 years with AD/HD and in typically functioning children. Dietary intakes of LCPUFAs arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) were quantified using a four-day food record, polymorphisms were determined in FADS1 and FADS2, and socio-behavioral outcomes were assessed using the Conners 3 Parent Rating Scales in a cross section of children with AD/HD. Compared to typically functioning children, plasma AA and DHA were 40% lower in children with AD/HD. Median intake of AA, but not DHA, was higher in children with AD/HD compared to typically functioning children. Polymorphisms in FADS1 (rs174546) and FADS2 (174575) were associated with higher plasma linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n6) level. Plasma DHA level was inversely associated with inattention score. Despite having an elevated intake of AA, children diagnosed with AD/HD have a reduction in plasma AA level which may be due in part to polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster or increased conversion to AA-derived metabolites. Increasing intake of DHA may ameliorate symptoms of inattention in AD/HD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:07:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-131e5c30eb364e7c96187254e71a5b49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-1497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:07:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Nutrition & Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-131e5c30eb364e7c96187254e71a5b492023-02-21T05:14:59ZengElsevierHuman Nutrition & Metabolism2666-14972023-03-0131200183AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHAJohn J. Miklavcic0Ellen Ivity1Ian M. MacDonald2Liana Urichuk3Vera C. Mazurak4Christina Rinaldi5Michael T. Clandinin6Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, United States; School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States; Corresponding author. Chapman University 1 University Drive Orange, California, 92866, United States.Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, TG6 2R7, CanadaOphthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, CanadaAlberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, CanadaAlberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R1, CanadaFaculty of Education, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G5, CanadaFaculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, TG6 2R7, Canada; Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R1, CanadaThe purpose of this study was to assess long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) status in relation to socio-behavioral outcomes in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD). In a case-control design, plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed in children aged 5–12 years with AD/HD and in typically functioning children. Dietary intakes of LCPUFAs arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) were quantified using a four-day food record, polymorphisms were determined in FADS1 and FADS2, and socio-behavioral outcomes were assessed using the Conners 3 Parent Rating Scales in a cross section of children with AD/HD. Compared to typically functioning children, plasma AA and DHA were 40% lower in children with AD/HD. Median intake of AA, but not DHA, was higher in children with AD/HD compared to typically functioning children. Polymorphisms in FADS1 (rs174546) and FADS2 (174575) were associated with higher plasma linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n6) level. Plasma DHA level was inversely associated with inattention score. Despite having an elevated intake of AA, children diagnosed with AD/HD have a reduction in plasma AA level which may be due in part to polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster or increased conversion to AA-derived metabolites. Increasing intake of DHA may ameliorate symptoms of inattention in AD/HD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149722000469Polyunsaturated fatty acidNutritionFatty acid desaturaseEssential fatty acidArachidonic acidDocosahexaenoic acid |
| spellingShingle | John J. Miklavcic Ellen Ivity Ian M. MacDonald Liana Urichuk Vera C. Mazurak Christina Rinaldi Michael T. Clandinin AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA Human Nutrition & Metabolism Polyunsaturated fatty acid Nutrition Fatty acid desaturase Essential fatty acid Arachidonic acid Docosahexaenoic acid |
| title | AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA |
| title_full | AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA |
| title_fullStr | AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA |
| title_full_unstemmed | AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA |
| title_short | AA and DHA are decreased in paediatric AD/HD and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma DHA |
| title_sort | aa and dha are decreased in paediatric ad hd and inattention is ameliorated by increased plasma dha |
| topic | Polyunsaturated fatty acid Nutrition Fatty acid desaturase Essential fatty acid Arachidonic acid Docosahexaenoic acid |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149722000469 |
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