Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways
Mountainous expressways with bridge-tunnel groups are characterized by complex environments and high driving risks, making them crucial sections for highway safety. This study applied eye-tracking techniques to evaluate driving safety and comfort in bridge-tunnel groups. Drivers’ pupil diameter and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10186 |
| _version_ | 1797581415073710080 |
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| author | Bo Zhang Jingrong Bai Zhiwen Yin Ao Zhou Jue Li |
| author_facet | Bo Zhang Jingrong Bai Zhiwen Yin Ao Zhou Jue Li |
| author_sort | Bo Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mountainous expressways with bridge-tunnel groups are characterized by complex environments and high driving risks, making them crucial sections for highway safety. This study applied eye-tracking techniques to evaluate driving safety and comfort in bridge-tunnel groups. Drivers’ pupil diameter and fixation point distribution were measured in real vehicle tests. The influence of tunnel length, adjacent tunnel spacing, and natural lighting on drivers’ pupil diameters were compared and analyzed. The maximum transient velocity of pupil area was introduced to describe the drivers’ visual load and driving comfort. The results indicate that the driving workload reaches its maximum in the first tunnel in bridge-tunnel groups and is positively correlated with the tunnel length in other sections. Excessive or insufficient distance between adjacent tunnels is detrimental to driving comfort. The driving workload is higher at night compared to during the day. Moreover, the greater tunnel length in bridge-tunnel groups and the larger number of tunnels, suggest a higher driving workload for drivers. Above all, strengthening the design and management of bridge-tunnel groups in mountainous expressways is necessary. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:04:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-131f418ef0634a7bb471f0fd9f342624 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:04:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-131f418ef0634a7bb471f0fd9f3426242023-11-19T09:24:12ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-09-0113181018610.3390/app131810186Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous ExpresswaysBo Zhang0Jingrong Bai1Zhiwen Yin2Ao Zhou3Jue Li4School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSchool of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSchool of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaMountainous expressways with bridge-tunnel groups are characterized by complex environments and high driving risks, making them crucial sections for highway safety. This study applied eye-tracking techniques to evaluate driving safety and comfort in bridge-tunnel groups. Drivers’ pupil diameter and fixation point distribution were measured in real vehicle tests. The influence of tunnel length, adjacent tunnel spacing, and natural lighting on drivers’ pupil diameters were compared and analyzed. The maximum transient velocity of pupil area was introduced to describe the drivers’ visual load and driving comfort. The results indicate that the driving workload reaches its maximum in the first tunnel in bridge-tunnel groups and is positively correlated with the tunnel length in other sections. Excessive or insufficient distance between adjacent tunnels is detrimental to driving comfort. The driving workload is higher at night compared to during the day. Moreover, the greater tunnel length in bridge-tunnel groups and the larger number of tunnels, suggest a higher driving workload for drivers. Above all, strengthening the design and management of bridge-tunnel groups in mountainous expressways is necessary.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10186bridge-tunnel groupsdriver’s behavioreye trackingvisual load |
| spellingShingle | Bo Zhang Jingrong Bai Zhiwen Yin Ao Zhou Jue Li Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways Applied Sciences bridge-tunnel groups driver’s behavior eye tracking visual load |
| title | Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways |
| title_full | Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways |
| title_fullStr | Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways |
| title_short | Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways |
| title_sort | study on the driver visual workload of bridge tunnel groups on mountainous expressways |
| topic | bridge-tunnel groups driver’s behavior eye tracking visual load |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10186 |
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