Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools
Actinoporins (APs) are a family of pore-forming toxins (PFTs) from sea anemones. These biomolecules exhibit the ability to exist as soluble monomers within an aqueous medium or as constitutively open oligomers in biological membranes. Through their conformational plasticity, actinoporins are conside...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/4/539 |
| _version_ | 1827719397933842432 |
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| author | Santos Ramírez-Carreto Beatriz Miranda-Zaragoza Claudia Rodríguez-Almazán |
| author_facet | Santos Ramírez-Carreto Beatriz Miranda-Zaragoza Claudia Rodríguez-Almazán |
| author_sort | Santos Ramírez-Carreto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Actinoporins (APs) are a family of pore-forming toxins (PFTs) from sea anemones. These biomolecules exhibit the ability to exist as soluble monomers within an aqueous medium or as constitutively open oligomers in biological membranes. Through their conformational plasticity, actinoporins are considered good candidate molecules to be included for the rational design of molecular tools, such as immunotoxins directed against tumor cells and stochastic biosensors based on nanopores to analyze unique DNA or protein molecules. Additionally, the ability of these proteins to bind to sphingomyelin (SM) facilitates their use for the design of molecular probes to identify SM in the cells. The immunomodulatory activity of actinoporins in liposomal formulations for vaccine development has also been evaluated. In this review, we describe the potential of actinoporins for use in the development of molecular tools that could be used for possible medical and biotechnological applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:42:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13221301687f498e8097be32426b96e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:42:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-13221301687f498e8097be32426b96e22023-11-19T20:32:55ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-04-0110453910.3390/biom10040539Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic ToolsSantos Ramírez-Carreto0Beatriz Miranda-Zaragoza1Claudia Rodríguez-Almazán2Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, MexicoDepartamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, MexicoDepartamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, MexicoActinoporins (APs) are a family of pore-forming toxins (PFTs) from sea anemones. These biomolecules exhibit the ability to exist as soluble monomers within an aqueous medium or as constitutively open oligomers in biological membranes. Through their conformational plasticity, actinoporins are considered good candidate molecules to be included for the rational design of molecular tools, such as immunotoxins directed against tumor cells and stochastic biosensors based on nanopores to analyze unique DNA or protein molecules. Additionally, the ability of these proteins to bind to sphingomyelin (SM) facilitates their use for the design of molecular probes to identify SM in the cells. The immunomodulatory activity of actinoporins in liposomal formulations for vaccine development has also been evaluated. In this review, we describe the potential of actinoporins for use in the development of molecular tools that could be used for possible medical and biotechnological applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/4/539Pore-forming toxinactinoporinimmunotoxinnanoporesphingomyelinvaccine design |
| spellingShingle | Santos Ramírez-Carreto Beatriz Miranda-Zaragoza Claudia Rodríguez-Almazán Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools Biomolecules Pore-forming toxin actinoporin immunotoxin nanopore sphingomyelin vaccine design |
| title | Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools |
| title_full | Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools |
| title_fullStr | Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools |
| title_full_unstemmed | Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools |
| title_short | Actinoporins: From the Structure and Function to the Generation of Biotechnological and Therapeutic Tools |
| title_sort | actinoporins from the structure and function to the generation of biotechnological and therapeutic tools |
| topic | Pore-forming toxin actinoporin immunotoxin nanopore sphingomyelin vaccine design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/4/539 |
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