| Summary: | Fecal microbiome culturomics of a cancer patient treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors led to the identification of a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain kh20<sup>T</sup>, which was phylogenetically assigned to the genus <i>Alistipes</i>. Strain kh20<sup>T</sup> demonstrated a 98.61% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with <i>A.</i><i>shahii</i> WAL 8301<sup>T</sup>. The bacteria cells generated catalase but no oxidase. Iso-C<sub>15:0</sub> (26.6%), anteiso-C<sub>15:0</sub> (19.9%), and iso-C<sub>17:0</sub> (17.2%) were the major cellular fatty acids identified in its composition. The G+C content of its genome was 57.2%. Strain kh20<sup>T</sup> showed significantly low values for DNA-DNA Hybridation (DDH ≤ 33.70%) and Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI ≤ 86.35%) compared with other <i>Alistipes</i> species. Based on these findings, we concluded that strain kh20<sup>T</sup> represented a novel bacterium, and we proposed the name <i>Alistipes montrealensis</i> sp. nov. (CECT 30384 and CSUR Q6005).
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