Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative long-range atmospheric transport pollutants. These are transported worldwide affecting remote regions far from their original sources, and can transfer in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2012-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Xenobiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/xeno/article/view/428 |
| _version_ | 1811300361205448704 |
|---|---|
| author | Bhupander Kumar Satish Kumar Singh Meenu Mishra Sanjay Kumar Chandra Shekhar Sharma |
| author_facet | Bhupander Kumar Satish Kumar Singh Meenu Mishra Sanjay Kumar Chandra Shekhar Sharma |
| author_sort | Bhupander Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative long-range atmospheric transport pollutants. These are transported worldwide affecting remote regions far from their original sources, and can transfer into food webs with a wide range of acute and chronic health effects. India ratified the Stockholm Convention with the intention of reducing and eliminating persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and encouraged the support of research on POPs. Despite the ban and restriction on the use of these chemicals in India, their contamination of air, water, sediment, biota and humans has been reported. In this study, surface water samples were collected during January 2012 from the Yamuna River in Delhi, India, and analyzed for PCBs and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The concentrations of ΣPCBs and ΣOCPs ranged between 2-779 ng L<sup>–1</sup> and from less than 0.1 to 618 ng L<sup>–1</sup> (mean 99±38 ng L<sup>–1</sup> and 221±50 ng L<sup>–1</sup>, respectively). The PCB homolog was dominated by 3-4 chlorinated biphenyls. In calculating the toxicity equivalent of dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs)using World Health Organization toxic equivalency factors, dl-PCBs accounted for 10% of a total of 27 PCBs. The concentration of ΣHCH ranged between less than 0.1 and 285 ng L<sup>–1</sup> (mean 151±32 ng L<sup>–1</sup>). However, ΣDDTs concentrations varied between less than 0.1 and 354 ng L<sup>–1</sup> (mean 83±26 ng L<sup>–1</sup>). The concentrations were lower than the US guideline values; however, levels of lindane exceeded those recommended in guidelines. Further in-depth study is proposed to determine the bioaccumulation of these pollutants through aquatic biota to assess the risk of contaminants to human health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:49:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1353c8f5a40b4732ae0e0c31383aec40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2039-4705 2039-4713 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:49:59Z |
| publishDate | 2012-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Xenobiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1353c8f5a40b4732ae0e0c31383aec402022-12-22T02:57:25ZengMDPI AGJournal of Xenobiotics2039-47052039-47132012-07-0121e6e610.4081/xeno.2012.e6299Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna RiverBhupander Kumar0Satish Kumar Singh1Meenu Mishra2Sanjay Kumar3Chandra Shekhar Sharma4National Reference Trace Organics Laboratory, Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar DelhiNational Reference Trace Organics Laboratory, Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar DelhiNational Reference Trace Organics Laboratory, Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar DelhiNational Reference Trace Organics Laboratory, Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar DelhiNational Reference Trace Organics Laboratory, Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar DelhiPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative long-range atmospheric transport pollutants. These are transported worldwide affecting remote regions far from their original sources, and can transfer into food webs with a wide range of acute and chronic health effects. India ratified the Stockholm Convention with the intention of reducing and eliminating persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and encouraged the support of research on POPs. Despite the ban and restriction on the use of these chemicals in India, their contamination of air, water, sediment, biota and humans has been reported. In this study, surface water samples were collected during January 2012 from the Yamuna River in Delhi, India, and analyzed for PCBs and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The concentrations of ΣPCBs and ΣOCPs ranged between 2-779 ng L<sup>–1</sup> and from less than 0.1 to 618 ng L<sup>–1</sup> (mean 99±38 ng L<sup>–1</sup> and 221±50 ng L<sup>–1</sup>, respectively). The PCB homolog was dominated by 3-4 chlorinated biphenyls. In calculating the toxicity equivalent of dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs)using World Health Organization toxic equivalency factors, dl-PCBs accounted for 10% of a total of 27 PCBs. The concentration of ΣHCH ranged between less than 0.1 and 285 ng L<sup>–1</sup> (mean 151±32 ng L<sup>–1</sup>). However, ΣDDTs concentrations varied between less than 0.1 and 354 ng L<sup>–1</sup> (mean 83±26 ng L<sup>–1</sup>). The concentrations were lower than the US guideline values; however, levels of lindane exceeded those recommended in guidelines. Further in-depth study is proposed to determine the bioaccumulation of these pollutants through aquatic biota to assess the risk of contaminants to human health.http://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/xeno/article/view/428polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorocyclohexane, dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane, river water. |
| spellingShingle | Bhupander Kumar Satish Kumar Singh Meenu Mishra Sanjay Kumar Chandra Shekhar Sharma Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River Journal of Xenobiotics polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorocyclohexane, dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane, river water. |
| title | Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River |
| title_full | Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River |
| title_short | Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Yamuna River |
| title_sort | assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the yamuna river |
| topic | polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorocyclohexane, dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane, river water. |
| url | http://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/xeno/article/view/428 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bhupanderkumar assessmentofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsandorganochlorinepesticidesinwatersamplesfromtheyamunariver AT satishkumarsingh assessmentofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsandorganochlorinepesticidesinwatersamplesfromtheyamunariver AT meenumishra assessmentofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsandorganochlorinepesticidesinwatersamplesfromtheyamunariver AT sanjaykumar assessmentofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsandorganochlorinepesticidesinwatersamplesfromtheyamunariver AT chandrashekharsharma assessmentofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsandorganochlorinepesticidesinwatersamplesfromtheyamunariver |