Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications
The early detection of small cracks in large metal structures is a crucial requirement for the implementation of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system with a low transducers density. This work tackles the challenging problem of the early detection of submillimeter notch-type defects with a sem...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1926 |
| _version_ | 1797239282872614912 |
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| author | Lorenzo Capineri Lorenzo Taddei Eugenio Marino Merlo |
| author_facet | Lorenzo Capineri Lorenzo Taddei Eugenio Marino Merlo |
| author_sort | Lorenzo Capineri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The early detection of small cracks in large metal structures is a crucial requirement for the implementation of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system with a low transducers density. This work tackles the challenging problem of the early detection of submillimeter notch-type defects with a semielliptical shape and a groove at a constant width of 100 µm and 3 mm depth in a 4.1 mm thick aluminum plate. This defect is investigated with an ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) A<sub>0</sub> mode at 550 kHz to investigate the long range in thick metal plates. The mode selection is obtained by interdigital transducers (IDTs) designed to operate with a 5 mm central wavelength. The novel contribution is the validation of the detection by pulse-echo and pitch and catch with UGW transducers to cover a distance up to 70 cm to reduce the transducers density. The analysis of scattering from this submillimeter defect at different orientations is carried out using simulations with a Finite Element Model (FEM). The detection of the defect is obtained by comparing the scattered signals from the defect with baseline signals of the pristine laminate. Finally, the paper shows that the simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones, demonstrating the possible implementation in an SHM system based on the efficient propagation of an antisymmetric mode by IDTs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:49:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13554ed618e84ad48be8f5ed57ac606d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:49:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-13554ed618e84ad48be8f5ed57ac606d2024-03-27T14:04:09ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-03-01246192610.3390/s24061926Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring ApplicationsLorenzo Capineri0Lorenzo Taddei1Eugenio Marino Merlo2Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, ItalyThe early detection of small cracks in large metal structures is a crucial requirement for the implementation of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system with a low transducers density. This work tackles the challenging problem of the early detection of submillimeter notch-type defects with a semielliptical shape and a groove at a constant width of 100 µm and 3 mm depth in a 4.1 mm thick aluminum plate. This defect is investigated with an ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) A<sub>0</sub> mode at 550 kHz to investigate the long range in thick metal plates. The mode selection is obtained by interdigital transducers (IDTs) designed to operate with a 5 mm central wavelength. The novel contribution is the validation of the detection by pulse-echo and pitch and catch with UGW transducers to cover a distance up to 70 cm to reduce the transducers density. The analysis of scattering from this submillimeter defect at different orientations is carried out using simulations with a Finite Element Model (FEM). The detection of the defect is obtained by comparing the scattered signals from the defect with baseline signals of the pristine laminate. Finally, the paper shows that the simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones, demonstrating the possible implementation in an SHM system based on the efficient propagation of an antisymmetric mode by IDTs.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1926interdigital transducersstructural health monitoringsubmillimeter notchscatteringlong rangeLamb waves |
| spellingShingle | Lorenzo Capineri Lorenzo Taddei Eugenio Marino Merlo Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications Sensors interdigital transducers structural health monitoring submillimeter notch scattering long range Lamb waves |
| title | Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications |
| title_full | Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications |
| title_fullStr | Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications |
| title_short | Detection of a Submillimeter Notch-Type Defect at Multiple Orientations by a Lamb Wave A<sub>0</sub> Mode at 550 kHz for Long-Range Structural Health Monitoring Applications |
| title_sort | detection of a submillimeter notch type defect at multiple orientations by a lamb wave a sub 0 sub mode at 550 khz for long range structural health monitoring applications |
| topic | interdigital transducers structural health monitoring submillimeter notch scattering long range Lamb waves |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1926 |
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