Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna
Multi-sensor strategies are key to the real-time determination of eruptive source parameters (ESPs) of explosive eruptions necessary to forecast accurately both tephra dispersal and deposition. To explore the capacity of these strategies in various eruptive conditions, we analyze data acquired by tw...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2097 |
| _version_ | 1797532437698314240 |
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| author | Valentin Freret-Lorgeril Costanza Bonadonna Stefano Corradini Franck Donnadieu Lorenzo Guerrieri Giorgio Lacanna Frank Silvio Marzano Luigi Mereu Luca Merucci Maurizio Ripepe Simona Scollo Dario Stelitano |
| author_facet | Valentin Freret-Lorgeril Costanza Bonadonna Stefano Corradini Franck Donnadieu Lorenzo Guerrieri Giorgio Lacanna Frank Silvio Marzano Luigi Mereu Luca Merucci Maurizio Ripepe Simona Scollo Dario Stelitano |
| author_sort | Valentin Freret-Lorgeril |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multi-sensor strategies are key to the real-time determination of eruptive source parameters (ESPs) of explosive eruptions necessary to forecast accurately both tephra dispersal and deposition. To explore the capacity of these strategies in various eruptive conditions, we analyze data acquired by two Doppler radars, ground- and satellite-based infrared sensors, one infrasound array, visible video-monitoring cameras as well as data from tephra-fallout deposits associated with a weak and a strong paroxysmal event at Mount Etna (Italy). We find that the different sensors provide complementary observations that should be critically analyzed and combined to provide comprehensive estimates of ESPs. First, all measurements of plume height agree during the strong paroxysmal activity considered, whereas some discrepancies are found for the weak paroxysm due to rapid plume and cloud dilution. Second, the event duration, key to convert the total erupted mass (TEM) in the mass eruption rate (MER) and vice versa, varies depending on the sensor used, providing information on different phases of the paroxysm (i.e., unsteady lava fountaining, lava fountain-fed tephra plume, waning phase associated with plume and cloud expansion in the atmosphere). As a result, TEM and MER derived from different sensors also correspond to the different phases of the paroxysms. Finally, satellite retrievals for grain-size can be combined with radar data to provide a first approximation of total grain-size distribution (TGSD) in near real-time. Such a TGSD shows a promising agreement with the TGSD derived from the combination of satellite data and whole deposit grain-size distribution (WDGSD). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:59:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13632508a62a447a8bedd799db30a1a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:59:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-13632508a62a447a8bedd799db30a1a22023-11-21T21:35:51ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922021-05-011311209710.3390/rs13112097Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount EtnaValentin Freret-Lorgeril0Costanza Bonadonna1Stefano Corradini2Franck Donnadieu3Lorenzo Guerrieri4Giorgio Lacanna5Frank Silvio Marzano6Luigi Mereu7Luca Merucci8Maurizio Ripepe9Simona Scollo10Dario Stelitano11Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandCentro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), 00143 Rome, ItalyLaboratoire Magmas et Volcans, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Université Clermont-Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceCentro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), 00143 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyCentro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), 00143 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, ItalyIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, 95125 Catania, ItalyCentro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), 00143 Rome, ItalyMulti-sensor strategies are key to the real-time determination of eruptive source parameters (ESPs) of explosive eruptions necessary to forecast accurately both tephra dispersal and deposition. To explore the capacity of these strategies in various eruptive conditions, we analyze data acquired by two Doppler radars, ground- and satellite-based infrared sensors, one infrasound array, visible video-monitoring cameras as well as data from tephra-fallout deposits associated with a weak and a strong paroxysmal event at Mount Etna (Italy). We find that the different sensors provide complementary observations that should be critically analyzed and combined to provide comprehensive estimates of ESPs. First, all measurements of plume height agree during the strong paroxysmal activity considered, whereas some discrepancies are found for the weak paroxysm due to rapid plume and cloud dilution. Second, the event duration, key to convert the total erupted mass (TEM) in the mass eruption rate (MER) and vice versa, varies depending on the sensor used, providing information on different phases of the paroxysm (i.e., unsteady lava fountaining, lava fountain-fed tephra plume, waning phase associated with plume and cloud expansion in the atmosphere). As a result, TEM and MER derived from different sensors also correspond to the different phases of the paroxysms. Finally, satellite retrievals for grain-size can be combined with radar data to provide a first approximation of total grain-size distribution (TGSD) in near real-time. Such a TGSD shows a promising agreement with the TGSD derived from the combination of satellite data and whole deposit grain-size distribution (WDGSD).https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2097tephraremote sensingplume heightmass eruption ratetotal erupted masstotal grain-size distribution |
| spellingShingle | Valentin Freret-Lorgeril Costanza Bonadonna Stefano Corradini Franck Donnadieu Lorenzo Guerrieri Giorgio Lacanna Frank Silvio Marzano Luigi Mereu Luca Merucci Maurizio Ripepe Simona Scollo Dario Stelitano Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna Remote Sensing tephra remote sensing plume height mass eruption rate total erupted mass total grain-size distribution |
| title | Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna |
| title_full | Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna |
| title_fullStr | Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna |
| title_short | Examples of Multi-Sensor Determination of Eruptive Source Parameters of Explosive Events at Mount Etna |
| title_sort | examples of multi sensor determination of eruptive source parameters of explosive events at mount etna |
| topic | tephra remote sensing plume height mass eruption rate total erupted mass total grain-size distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2097 |
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