Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra
Naturally occurring holes in bone called foramina are not detected as region of crack initiation or growth. Lumbar vertebrae, which are subjected to complex external loads, have considerable number of such big and small foramina. The mechanical characteristics of bone profoundly depend on the minera...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
2007-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jbse/2/1/2_1_1/_pdf/-char/en |
| _version_ | 1811296789897150464 |
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| author | Bijay GIRI Shigeru TADANO Kazuhiro FUJISAKI Masahiro TODOH |
| author_facet | Bijay GIRI Shigeru TADANO Kazuhiro FUJISAKI Masahiro TODOH |
| author_sort | Bijay GIRI |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Naturally occurring holes in bone called foramina are not detected as region of crack initiation or growth. Lumbar vertebrae, which are subjected to complex external loads, have considerable number of such big and small foramina. The mechanical characteristics of bone profoundly depend on the mineral content (HAp crystals) and collagen fibers alignment, where c-crystallographic axis of HAp crystals are preferentially oriented parallel to the long axis of collagen fibers. In the current work, we investigated the crystal orientation and mineral distribution around the foramen using X-rays to explore the reason of foramen not being region of crack initiation or growth to the precise level. Specimens were harvested from bovine lumbar vertebrae. The orientations of HAp crystals were determined from the diffracted intensity profile of X-rays using imaging plate. Mineral fractions were measured from the fraction of X-rays transmitted through the specimen. The tangential orientation of the crystals revealed around the foramen edge was considered as the main reinforcing parameter for the foramen. The minerals were distributed in the specimen without any predictable tendency. Hence, they were not considered as a strengthening parameter. A thicker cortical region was discovered near the surface around the upper edge of the foramen, which was also extended within the cancellous mass as a thin cylindrical cortical shell covering the foramen from inside. Such structures were regarded to result the foramen a damage resistant site. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:54:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-137d4161ae3b4eae9a13f71cde5da60d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1880-9863 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:54:40Z |
| publishDate | 2007-01-01 |
| publisher | The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-137d4161ae3b4eae9a13f71cde5da60d2022-12-22T02:59:40ZengThe Japan Society of Mechanical EngineersJournal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering1880-98632007-01-012111110.1299/jbse.2.1jbseMicrostructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar VertebraBijay GIRI0Shigeru TADANO1Kazuhiro FUJISAKI2Masahiro TODOH3Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido UniversityDivision of Human Mechanical Systems and Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido UniversityDivision of Human Mechanical Systems and Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido UniversityDivision of Human Mechanical Systems and Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido UniversityNaturally occurring holes in bone called foramina are not detected as region of crack initiation or growth. Lumbar vertebrae, which are subjected to complex external loads, have considerable number of such big and small foramina. The mechanical characteristics of bone profoundly depend on the mineral content (HAp crystals) and collagen fibers alignment, where c-crystallographic axis of HAp crystals are preferentially oriented parallel to the long axis of collagen fibers. In the current work, we investigated the crystal orientation and mineral distribution around the foramen using X-rays to explore the reason of foramen not being region of crack initiation or growth to the precise level. Specimens were harvested from bovine lumbar vertebrae. The orientations of HAp crystals were determined from the diffracted intensity profile of X-rays using imaging plate. Mineral fractions were measured from the fraction of X-rays transmitted through the specimen. The tangential orientation of the crystals revealed around the foramen edge was considered as the main reinforcing parameter for the foramen. The minerals were distributed in the specimen without any predictable tendency. Hence, they were not considered as a strengthening parameter. A thicker cortical region was discovered near the surface around the upper edge of the foramen, which was also extended within the cancellous mass as a thin cylindrical cortical shell covering the foramen from inside. Such structures were regarded to result the foramen a damage resistant site.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jbse/2/1/2_1_1/_pdf/-char/enstress concentrationforamenbovine lumbar vertebracortical bonehydroxyapatite crystalsx-ray diffraction |
| spellingShingle | Bijay GIRI Shigeru TADANO Kazuhiro FUJISAKI Masahiro TODOH Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering stress concentration foramen bovine lumbar vertebra cortical bone hydroxyapatite crystals x-ray diffraction |
| title | Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra |
| title_full | Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra |
| title_fullStr | Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra |
| title_short | Microstructure of Bone Around Natural Hole in Bovine Lumbar Vertebra |
| title_sort | microstructure of bone around natural hole in bovine lumbar vertebra |
| topic | stress concentration foramen bovine lumbar vertebra cortical bone hydroxyapatite crystals x-ray diffraction |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jbse/2/1/2_1_1/_pdf/-char/en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bijaygiri microstructureofbonearoundnaturalholeinbovinelumbarvertebra AT shigerutadano microstructureofbonearoundnaturalholeinbovinelumbarvertebra AT kazuhirofujisaki microstructureofbonearoundnaturalholeinbovinelumbarvertebra AT masahirotodoh microstructureofbonearoundnaturalholeinbovinelumbarvertebra |