Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses
Abstract The Bethe–Salpeter equation for system of two oppositely charged particles not only reproduces the Coulomb spectrum, but, for enough large coupling constant $${\mathcal C}>\frac{\pi }{4}$$ C > π 4 , predicts additional levels not predicted by the Schrödinger equation. These relativist...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2024-01-01
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| Series: | European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12429-x |
| _version_ | 1797233300580859904 |
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| author | V. A. Karmanov |
| author_facet | V. A. Karmanov |
| author_sort | V. A. Karmanov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Bethe–Salpeter equation for system of two oppositely charged particles not only reproduces the Coulomb spectrum, but, for enough large coupling constant $${\mathcal C}>\frac{\pi }{4}$$ C > π 4 , predicts additional levels not predicted by the Schrödinger equation. These relativistic states (called abnormal), in contrast to the normal ones, are dominated, for more than 90–99%, by Fock states involving the exchange particles—the photons, whereas contribution of two massive charged particles themselves is rather small (1–10%). Since the carrier of a large (positive) charge is a heavy ion, and the negative charge is provided by electron, the masses of two constituents are very different. It is shown that in a system with so different masses the abnormal states still exist. Moreover, the effect of unequal masses is attractive. The balance between photons and charged constituents is weakly sensitive to the mass ratio, so the photons still predominate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:34:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-137f1b24a1eb4cd68c04885522dcb680 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1434-6052 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:13:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| spelling | doaj.art-137f1b24a1eb4cd68c04885522dcb6802024-03-31T11:32:21ZengSpringerOpenEuropean Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields1434-60522024-01-0184111010.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12429-xAbnormal states with unequal constituent massesV. A. Karmanov0Lebedev Physical InstituteAbstract The Bethe–Salpeter equation for system of two oppositely charged particles not only reproduces the Coulomb spectrum, but, for enough large coupling constant $${\mathcal C}>\frac{\pi }{4}$$ C > π 4 , predicts additional levels not predicted by the Schrödinger equation. These relativistic states (called abnormal), in contrast to the normal ones, are dominated, for more than 90–99%, by Fock states involving the exchange particles—the photons, whereas contribution of two massive charged particles themselves is rather small (1–10%). Since the carrier of a large (positive) charge is a heavy ion, and the negative charge is provided by electron, the masses of two constituents are very different. It is shown that in a system with so different masses the abnormal states still exist. Moreover, the effect of unequal masses is attractive. The balance between photons and charged constituents is weakly sensitive to the mass ratio, so the photons still predominate.https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12429-x |
| spellingShingle | V. A. Karmanov Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| title | Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses |
| title_full | Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses |
| title_fullStr | Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses |
| title_short | Abnormal states with unequal constituent masses |
| title_sort | abnormal states with unequal constituent masses |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12429-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vakarmanov abnormalstateswithunequalconstituentmasses |