Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste
Alternatives to polymer reinforcement, adding value to agro-industrial byproducts, are emerging to develop sustainable materials and cost-effective industrial applications. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of adding 10% w/w of three different agricultural residues on the physica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601642300097X |
| _version_ | 1827630274112913408 |
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| author | Miriam Lazo Iván Puga María Alejandra Macías Ana Barragán Patricia Manzano Ana Rivas Andrés Rigail-Cedeño |
| author_facet | Miriam Lazo Iván Puga María Alejandra Macías Ana Barragán Patricia Manzano Ana Rivas Andrés Rigail-Cedeño |
| author_sort | Miriam Lazo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alternatives to polymer reinforcement, adding value to agro-industrial byproducts, are emerging to develop sustainable materials and cost-effective industrial applications. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of adding 10% w/w of three different agricultural residues on the physical and processing properties of polyisocyanurate (PIR) rigid foams: rice husk (RH), banana rachis (RB), and African palm kernel shells (APKS). The reaction kinetics revealed that adding lignocellulosic reinforcement to the PIR system accelerated the reactions' initiation. However, after foaming, an opposite trend is observed. The PIR-fiber interaction is analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric technique. The composites, prepared at a laboratory scale, were also tested for dimensional changes, compressive mechanical/physical properties, and thermal conductivity. The compression strength obtained for RH, BR, and APKS were 0.23 MPa, 0.12 MPa, and 0.16 MPa, respectively. In contrast, neat PIR exhibited a compression strength of 0.19 MPa, indicating that adding 10% w/w of agro-fillers affects the PIR compressive properties differently. Additionally, PIR reported an apparent density of 38 kg·m−3. While RB and APKS samples showed slightly lower density values, RH presented a 13% growth in this property. Although RH increased the thermal conductivity (lower thermal resistance), the values obtained still correspond to insulating materials. BR and APKS do not show significant variability in thermal conductivity/resistance. Providing tailored properties from different agro-waste opens a new family of PIR foam composites for structural or insulted applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:04:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1382bd661fa347f1ab351c21e83f26b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-0164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:04:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-1382bd661fa347f1ab351c21e83f26b22023-11-30T05:08:30ZengElsevierCase Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering2666-01642023-12-018100392Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural wasteMiriam Lazo0Iván Puga1María Alejandra Macías2Ana Barragán3Patricia Manzano4Ana Rivas5Andrés Rigail-Cedeño6Facultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador; Laboratorio de Procesamiento de Plásticos, ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas (FCNM), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas (FCNM), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorCentro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador (CIBE), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas (FCNM), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador; Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador (CIBE), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorFacultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador; Corresponding author.Facultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador; Laboratorio de Procesamiento de Plásticos, ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador; Corresponding author. Facultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador.Alternatives to polymer reinforcement, adding value to agro-industrial byproducts, are emerging to develop sustainable materials and cost-effective industrial applications. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of adding 10% w/w of three different agricultural residues on the physical and processing properties of polyisocyanurate (PIR) rigid foams: rice husk (RH), banana rachis (RB), and African palm kernel shells (APKS). The reaction kinetics revealed that adding lignocellulosic reinforcement to the PIR system accelerated the reactions' initiation. However, after foaming, an opposite trend is observed. The PIR-fiber interaction is analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric technique. The composites, prepared at a laboratory scale, were also tested for dimensional changes, compressive mechanical/physical properties, and thermal conductivity. The compression strength obtained for RH, BR, and APKS were 0.23 MPa, 0.12 MPa, and 0.16 MPa, respectively. In contrast, neat PIR exhibited a compression strength of 0.19 MPa, indicating that adding 10% w/w of agro-fillers affects the PIR compressive properties differently. Additionally, PIR reported an apparent density of 38 kg·m−3. While RB and APKS samples showed slightly lower density values, RH presented a 13% growth in this property. Although RH increased the thermal conductivity (lower thermal resistance), the values obtained still correspond to insulating materials. BR and APKS do not show significant variability in thermal conductivity/resistance. Providing tailored properties from different agro-waste opens a new family of PIR foam composites for structural or insulted applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601642300097XPIR-CompositeNatural fiberFiber-reinforced compositeAgricultural waste |
| spellingShingle | Miriam Lazo Iván Puga María Alejandra Macías Ana Barragán Patricia Manzano Ana Rivas Andrés Rigail-Cedeño Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering PIR-Composite Natural fiber Fiber-reinforced composite Agricultural waste |
| title | Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste |
| title_full | Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste |
| title_short | Mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste |
| title_sort | mechanical and thermal properties of polyisocyanurate rigid foams reinforced with agricultural waste |
| topic | PIR-Composite Natural fiber Fiber-reinforced composite Agricultural waste |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601642300097X |
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