A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon
Abstract Background Patients with mental disorders have a high risk of intestinal parasitic infection due to poor hygiene practices. Hence, to better clarify this overlooked phenomenon, the current study is conducted to determine the global prevalence of protozoan parasite infections in patients wit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Gut Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00602-2 |
| _version_ | 1797276521498411008 |
|---|---|
| author | Amir Abdoli Meysam Olfatifar Aida Vafae Eslahi Zeinab Moghadamizad Rasoul Samimi Mohammad Amin Habibi Amir Sam Kianimoghadam Milad Badri Panagiotis Karanis |
| author_facet | Amir Abdoli Meysam Olfatifar Aida Vafae Eslahi Zeinab Moghadamizad Rasoul Samimi Mohammad Amin Habibi Amir Sam Kianimoghadam Milad Badri Panagiotis Karanis |
| author_sort | Amir Abdoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Patients with mental disorders have a high risk of intestinal parasitic infection due to poor hygiene practices. Hence, to better clarify this overlooked phenomenon, the current study is conducted to determine the global prevalence of protozoan parasite infections in patients with mental disorders and investigate the associated risk factors. Methods Several databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) were searched for papers published until December 2022. The fixed effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the overall odds ratio (OR) and pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Totally, 131 articles (91 case–control and 40 cross-sectional studies) met the eligibility criteria. Patients with mental disorders were significantly at higher risk for protozoan parasites than healthy controls (OR: 2.059, 1.830–2.317). The highest pooled OR (2.485, 1.413–4.368) was related to patients with neurodevelopmental disorders, and the highest pooled prevalence was detected in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (0.341, 0.244–0.446), followed by bipolar and related disorders (0.321, 0.000–0.995). Toxoplasma gondii was the most prevalent protozoan parasite (0.343, 0.228–0.467) in cross-sectional studies and the highest pooled OR was related to Cyclospora cayetanensis (4.719, 1.352–16.474) followed by Cryptosporidium parvum (4.618, 2.877–7.412). Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that individuals afflicted with mental disorders are significantly more susceptible to acquiring protozoan parasites in comparison to healthy individuals. Preventive interventions, regular screening, and treatment approaches for parasitic diseases should be considered for patients with mental disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:29:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-138da15cc4fa46469aaeb5e94ac5a8ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-4749 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:29:22Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gut Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-138da15cc4fa46469aaeb5e94ac5a8ef2024-03-05T16:31:07ZengBMCGut Pathogens1757-47492024-01-0116113210.1186/s13099-024-00602-2A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenonAmir Abdoli0Meysam Olfatifar1Aida Vafae Eslahi2Zeinab Moghadamizad3Rasoul Samimi4Mohammad Amin Habibi5Amir Sam Kianimoghadam6Milad Badri7Panagiotis Karanis8Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical SciencesGastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases Research Center, Qom University of Medical SciencesMedical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityMedical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesSkull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesMedical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University HospitalAbstract Background Patients with mental disorders have a high risk of intestinal parasitic infection due to poor hygiene practices. Hence, to better clarify this overlooked phenomenon, the current study is conducted to determine the global prevalence of protozoan parasite infections in patients with mental disorders and investigate the associated risk factors. Methods Several databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) were searched for papers published until December 2022. The fixed effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the overall odds ratio (OR) and pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Totally, 131 articles (91 case–control and 40 cross-sectional studies) met the eligibility criteria. Patients with mental disorders were significantly at higher risk for protozoan parasites than healthy controls (OR: 2.059, 1.830–2.317). The highest pooled OR (2.485, 1.413–4.368) was related to patients with neurodevelopmental disorders, and the highest pooled prevalence was detected in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (0.341, 0.244–0.446), followed by bipolar and related disorders (0.321, 0.000–0.995). Toxoplasma gondii was the most prevalent protozoan parasite (0.343, 0.228–0.467) in cross-sectional studies and the highest pooled OR was related to Cyclospora cayetanensis (4.719, 1.352–16.474) followed by Cryptosporidium parvum (4.618, 2.877–7.412). Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that individuals afflicted with mental disorders are significantly more susceptible to acquiring protozoan parasites in comparison to healthy individuals. Preventive interventions, regular screening, and treatment approaches for parasitic diseases should be considered for patients with mental disorders.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00602-2Protozoan parasitesMental disordersPrevalenceMeta-analysisWorldwide |
| spellingShingle | Amir Abdoli Meysam Olfatifar Aida Vafae Eslahi Zeinab Moghadamizad Rasoul Samimi Mohammad Amin Habibi Amir Sam Kianimoghadam Milad Badri Panagiotis Karanis A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon Gut Pathogens Protozoan parasites Mental disorders Prevalence Meta-analysis Worldwide |
| title | A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon |
| title_full | A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon |
| title_fullStr | A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon |
| title_full_unstemmed | A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon |
| title_short | A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon |
| title_sort | systematic review and meta analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders an overlooked phenomenon |
| topic | Protozoan parasites Mental disorders Prevalence Meta-analysis Worldwide |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00602-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amirabdoli asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT meysamolfatifar asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT aidavafaeeslahi asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT zeinabmoghadamizad asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT rasoulsamimi asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT mohammadaminhabibi asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT amirsamkianimoghadam asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT miladbadri asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT panagiotiskaranis asystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT amirabdoli systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT meysamolfatifar systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT aidavafaeeslahi systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT zeinabmoghadamizad systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT rasoulsamimi systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT mohammadaminhabibi systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT amirsamkianimoghadam systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT miladbadri systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon AT panagiotiskaranis systematicreviewandmetaanalysisofprotozoanparasiteinfectionsamongpatientswithmentalhealthdisordersanoverlookedphenomenon |