Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing
Cloud computing has been widely adopted over the years by practitioners and companies with a variety of requirements. With a strong economic appeal, cloud computing makes possible the idea of computing as a utility, in which computing resources can be consumed and paid for with the same convenience...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1221 |
| _version_ | 1797484521542647808 |
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| author | Iure Fé Rubens Matos Jamilson Dantas Carlos Melo Tuan Anh Nguyen Dugki Min Eunmi Choi Francisco Airton Silva Paulo Romero Martins Maciel |
| author_facet | Iure Fé Rubens Matos Jamilson Dantas Carlos Melo Tuan Anh Nguyen Dugki Min Eunmi Choi Francisco Airton Silva Paulo Romero Martins Maciel |
| author_sort | Iure Fé |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cloud computing has been widely adopted over the years by practitioners and companies with a variety of requirements. With a strong economic appeal, cloud computing makes possible the idea of computing as a utility, in which computing resources can be consumed and paid for with the same convenience as electricity. One of the main characteristics of cloud as a service is elasticity supported by auto-scaling capabilities. The auto-scaling cloud mechanism allows adjusting resources to meet multiple demands dynamically. The elasticity service is best represented in critical web trading and transaction systems that must satisfy a certain service level agreement (SLA), such as maximum response time limits for different types of inbound requests. Nevertheless, existing cloud infrastructures maintained by different cloud enterprises often offer different cloud service costs for equivalent SLAs upon several factors. The factors might be contract types, VM types, auto-scaling configuration parameters, and incoming workload demand. Identifying a combination of parameters that results in SLA compliance directly in the system is often sophisticated, while the manual analysis is prone to errors due to the huge number of possibilities. This paper proposes the modeling of auto-scaling mechanisms in a typical cloud infrastructure using a stochastic Petri net (SPN) and the employment of a well-established adaptive search metaheuristic (GRASP) to discover critical trade-offs between performance and cost in cloud services.The proposed SPN models enable cloud designers to estimate the metrics of cloud services in accordance with each required SLA such as the best configuration, cost, system response time, and throughput.The auto-scaling SPN model was extensively validated with 95% confidence against a real test-bed scenario with 18.000 samples. A case-study of cloud services was used to investigate the viability of this method and to evaluate the adoptability of the proposed auto-scaling model in practice. On the other hand, the proposed optimization algorithm enables the identification of economic system configuration and parameterization to satisfy required SLA and budget constraints. The adoption of the metaheuristic GRASP approach and the modeling of auto-scaling mechanisms in this work can help search for the optimized-quality solution and operational management for cloud services in practice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:06:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-139a7fd155ad46df9380d25e9a80de35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:06:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-139a7fd155ad46df9380d25e9a80de352023-11-23T17:52:30ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-02-01223122110.3390/s22031221Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud ComputingIure Fé0Rubens Matos1Jamilson Dantas2Carlos Melo3Tuan Anh Nguyen4Dugki Min5Eunmi Choi6Francisco Airton Silva7Paulo Romero Martins Maciel8Brazilian Army, Third BEC, Picos 64606-000, BrazilCoordination of Informatics, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000, BrazilInformatics Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-560, BrazilInformatics Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-560, BrazilKonkuk Aerospace Design-Airworthiness Research Institute (KADA), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaSchool of Software, College of Computer Science, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, KoreaLaboratory PASID, Federal University of Piaui, Picos 64600-000, BrazilInformatics Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-560, BrazilCloud computing has been widely adopted over the years by practitioners and companies with a variety of requirements. With a strong economic appeal, cloud computing makes possible the idea of computing as a utility, in which computing resources can be consumed and paid for with the same convenience as electricity. One of the main characteristics of cloud as a service is elasticity supported by auto-scaling capabilities. The auto-scaling cloud mechanism allows adjusting resources to meet multiple demands dynamically. The elasticity service is best represented in critical web trading and transaction systems that must satisfy a certain service level agreement (SLA), such as maximum response time limits for different types of inbound requests. Nevertheless, existing cloud infrastructures maintained by different cloud enterprises often offer different cloud service costs for equivalent SLAs upon several factors. The factors might be contract types, VM types, auto-scaling configuration parameters, and incoming workload demand. Identifying a combination of parameters that results in SLA compliance directly in the system is often sophisticated, while the manual analysis is prone to errors due to the huge number of possibilities. This paper proposes the modeling of auto-scaling mechanisms in a typical cloud infrastructure using a stochastic Petri net (SPN) and the employment of a well-established adaptive search metaheuristic (GRASP) to discover critical trade-offs between performance and cost in cloud services.The proposed SPN models enable cloud designers to estimate the metrics of cloud services in accordance with each required SLA such as the best configuration, cost, system response time, and throughput.The auto-scaling SPN model was extensively validated with 95% confidence against a real test-bed scenario with 18.000 samples. A case-study of cloud services was used to investigate the viability of this method and to evaluate the adoptability of the proposed auto-scaling model in practice. On the other hand, the proposed optimization algorithm enables the identification of economic system configuration and parameterization to satisfy required SLA and budget constraints. The adoption of the metaheuristic GRASP approach and the modeling of auto-scaling mechanisms in this work can help search for the optimized-quality solution and operational management for cloud services in practice.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1221cloud computingperformance evaluationcost evaluationoptimizationauto-scalingstochastic Petri net |
| spellingShingle | Iure Fé Rubens Matos Jamilson Dantas Carlos Melo Tuan Anh Nguyen Dugki Min Eunmi Choi Francisco Airton Silva Paulo Romero Martins Maciel Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing Sensors cloud computing performance evaluation cost evaluation optimization auto-scaling stochastic Petri net |
| title | Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing |
| title_full | Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing |
| title_fullStr | Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing |
| title_short | Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing |
| title_sort | performance cost trade off in auto scaling mechanisms for cloud computing |
| topic | cloud computing performance evaluation cost evaluation optimization auto-scaling stochastic Petri net |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1221 |
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