Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters
Other test method (OTM) 33A has been used to quantify emissions from natural gas sites since it was introduced by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The method relies on point source Gaussian (PSG) assumptions to estimate emissions rates from a targeted site or source. However, the method of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Environments |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/7/9/65 |
| _version_ | 1797555162751959040 |
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| author | Robert S. Heltzel Mohammed T. Zaki Aron K. Gebreslase Omar I. Abdul-Aziz Derek R. Johnson |
| author_facet | Robert S. Heltzel Mohammed T. Zaki Aron K. Gebreslase Omar I. Abdul-Aziz Derek R. Johnson |
| author_sort | Robert S. Heltzel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Other test method (OTM) 33A has been used to quantify emissions from natural gas sites since it was introduced by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The method relies on point source Gaussian (PSG) assumptions to estimate emissions rates from a targeted site or source. However, the method often results in low accuracy (typically ±70%, even under conducive conditions). These accuracies were verified with controlled-release experiments. Typically, controlled releases were performed for short periods (15–20 min) under atmospheric conditions that were ideal for effective plume transport. We examined three methane release rates from three distances over various periods of time ranging from seven hours to seven days. Data were recorded continuously from a stationary tower. Atmospheric conditions were highly variable and not always conducive to conventional OTM 33A calculations. OTM 33A estimates were made for 20-min periods when the mean wind direction corresponded to ±90° of the direction from the controlled release to the tower. Further analyses were performed by varying the frequency of the data, the length of the individual OTM 33A periods and the size of the wind angle used to filter data. The results suggested that different (than conventionally used) period lengths, wind filters, data acquisition frequencies and data quality filters impacted the accuracy of OTM 33A when applied to long term measurements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:43:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13c573bbd47e4a97ac4eb1e7e498964d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3298 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:43:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environments |
| spelling | doaj.art-13c573bbd47e4a97ac4eb1e7e498964d2023-11-20T11:47:50ZengMDPI AGEnvironments2076-32982020-08-01796510.3390/environments7090065Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind FiltersRobert S. Heltzel0Mohammed T. Zaki1Aron K. Gebreslase2Omar I. Abdul-Aziz3Derek R. Johnson4Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Statler College of Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USAWadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Statler College of Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USAWadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Statler College of Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USAWadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Statler College of Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USADepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Statler College of Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USAOther test method (OTM) 33A has been used to quantify emissions from natural gas sites since it was introduced by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The method relies on point source Gaussian (PSG) assumptions to estimate emissions rates from a targeted site or source. However, the method often results in low accuracy (typically ±70%, even under conducive conditions). These accuracies were verified with controlled-release experiments. Typically, controlled releases were performed for short periods (15–20 min) under atmospheric conditions that were ideal for effective plume transport. We examined three methane release rates from three distances over various periods of time ranging from seven hours to seven days. Data were recorded continuously from a stationary tower. Atmospheric conditions were highly variable and not always conducive to conventional OTM 33A calculations. OTM 33A estimates were made for 20-min periods when the mean wind direction corresponded to ±90° of the direction from the controlled release to the tower. Further analyses were performed by varying the frequency of the data, the length of the individual OTM 33A periods and the size of the wind angle used to filter data. The results suggested that different (than conventionally used) period lengths, wind filters, data acquisition frequencies and data quality filters impacted the accuracy of OTM 33A when applied to long term measurements.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/7/9/65OTM 33Amethane emissionsindirect quantificationindirect measurementnatural gascontrolled methane release |
| spellingShingle | Robert S. Heltzel Mohammed T. Zaki Aron K. Gebreslase Omar I. Abdul-Aziz Derek R. Johnson Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters Environments OTM 33A methane emissions indirect quantification indirect measurement natural gas controlled methane release |
| title | Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters |
| title_full | Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters |
| title_fullStr | Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters |
| title_short | Continuous OTM 33A Analysis of Controlled Releases of Methane with Various Time Periods, Data Rates and Wind Filters |
| title_sort | continuous otm 33a analysis of controlled releases of methane with various time periods data rates and wind filters |
| topic | OTM 33A methane emissions indirect quantification indirect measurement natural gas controlled methane release |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/7/9/65 |
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