Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry
The plane formed by the intersection of bilateral porions (PoR and PoL) and left orbitale (OrL) is conventionally defined as the Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane. We aim to test the influence of the FH plane definition on a 3D cephalometric assessment. We selected 38 adult patients (20 males, 18 fema...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/22/7956 |
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| author | Utkarsh Mangal Jae Joon Hwang Heon Jo Sung Min Lee Yun-Hoa Jung Bong-Hae Cho Jung-Yul Cha Sung-Hwan Choi |
| author_facet | Utkarsh Mangal Jae Joon Hwang Heon Jo Sung Min Lee Yun-Hoa Jung Bong-Hae Cho Jung-Yul Cha Sung-Hwan Choi |
| author_sort | Utkarsh Mangal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The plane formed by the intersection of bilateral porions (PoR and PoL) and left orbitale (OrL) is conventionally defined as the Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane. We aim to test the influence of the FH plane definition on a 3D cephalometric assessment. We selected 38 adult patients (20 males, 18 females; average age: 22.87 ± 5.17 years) without any gross asymmetry from retrospective records and traced and analyzed their cone-beam computed tomographic images. The findings were categorized into the following four groups: FH1: conventional; FH2: PoR, PoL, right orbitale (OrR); FH3: OrR, OrL, PoL; FH4: OrR, OrL, PoR. The average menton (Me) deviation from the MSP was statistically significant for the FH1 group (0.56 ± 0.27 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.001), compared to the FH3 (1.37 ± 1.23 mm) and FH4 (1.33 ± 1.16 mm) groups. The spatial orientation level (SOL) of the FH plane showed a marked difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between the FH2 (0.602° ± 0.503°) and FH4 (0.944° ± 0.778°) groups. The SOL of the MSP was comparatively small (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for FH2 (0.015° ± 0.023°) in comparison to both FH 3 (0.644° ± 0.546°) and FH 4 (0.627° ± 0.516°). Therefore, the FH plane definition can significantly influence the interpretation of cephalometric findings. Future studies should focus on standardization to improve the reliability and reproducibility of 3D cephalometry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:58:31Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:58:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-13d926d31efa4e059ace712896682ec42023-11-20T20:22:52ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-11-011022795610.3390/app10227956Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of SymmetryUtkarsh Mangal0Jae Joon Hwang1Heon Jo2Sung Min Lee3Yun-Hoa Jung4Bong-Hae Cho5Jung-Yul Cha6Sung-Hwan Choi7Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, KoreaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, KoreaDepartment of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, KoreaHDXWILL, Seoul 03162, KoreaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, KoreaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, KoreaDepartment of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, KoreaDepartment of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, KoreaThe plane formed by the intersection of bilateral porions (PoR and PoL) and left orbitale (OrL) is conventionally defined as the Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane. We aim to test the influence of the FH plane definition on a 3D cephalometric assessment. We selected 38 adult patients (20 males, 18 females; average age: 22.87 ± 5.17 years) without any gross asymmetry from retrospective records and traced and analyzed their cone-beam computed tomographic images. The findings were categorized into the following four groups: FH1: conventional; FH2: PoR, PoL, right orbitale (OrR); FH3: OrR, OrL, PoL; FH4: OrR, OrL, PoR. The average menton (Me) deviation from the MSP was statistically significant for the FH1 group (0.56 ± 0.27 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.001), compared to the FH3 (1.37 ± 1.23 mm) and FH4 (1.33 ± 1.16 mm) groups. The spatial orientation level (SOL) of the FH plane showed a marked difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between the FH2 (0.602° ± 0.503°) and FH4 (0.944° ± 0.778°) groups. The SOL of the MSP was comparatively small (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for FH2 (0.015° ± 0.023°) in comparison to both FH 3 (0.644° ± 0.546°) and FH 4 (0.627° ± 0.516°). Therefore, the FH plane definition can significantly influence the interpretation of cephalometric findings. Future studies should focus on standardization to improve the reliability and reproducibility of 3D cephalometry.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/22/7956FH planecone-beam computed tomographyCBCTfacial asymmetryimagingthree-dimensional |
| spellingShingle | Utkarsh Mangal Jae Joon Hwang Heon Jo Sung Min Lee Yun-Hoa Jung Bong-Hae Cho Jung-Yul Cha Sung-Hwan Choi Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry Applied Sciences FH plane cone-beam computed tomography CBCT facial asymmetry imaging three-dimensional |
| title | Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry |
| title_full | Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry |
| title_short | Effects of Changes in the Frankfort Horizontal Plane Definition on the Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluation of Symmetry |
| title_sort | effects of changes in the frankfort horizontal plane definition on the three dimensional cephalometric evaluation of symmetry |
| topic | FH plane cone-beam computed tomography CBCT facial asymmetry imaging three-dimensional |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/22/7956 |
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