Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates
Abstract Background Dental Caries affect more than half of children and adolescents globally and more so in Africa. Most caries studies in Africa are based on DMFT index which does not assess early carious lesions making early prevention and minimal invasive treatment impossible. This study therefor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02217-y |
| _version_ | 1811235394845409280 |
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| author | Severine N. Anthony Hawa S. Mbawalla Febronia K. Kahabuka Seter Siziya |
| author_facet | Severine N. Anthony Hawa S. Mbawalla Febronia K. Kahabuka Seter Siziya |
| author_sort | Severine N. Anthony |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Dental Caries affect more than half of children and adolescents globally and more so in Africa. Most caries studies in Africa are based on DMFT index which does not assess early carious lesions making early prevention and minimal invasive treatment impossible. This study therefore aimed at determining pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of dental caries according to Caries Assessment and Treatment Spectrum (CAST). Methods Cross-sectional study involving secondary school adolescents in Copperbelt province, Zambia. Socio-demographics and oral health related behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire while dental caries was assessed using CAST. Data were summarized as frequency distributions while cross-tabulation with Chi-squire test and adjusted multinomial logistic regression assessed strength and direction of relationship between socio-demographics, oral health behaviors and dental caries. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results A total of 1,794 participants were enrolled 54% being females. Total frequency of adolescents with healthy teeth (CAST0-2) was 51.1%, pre-morbidity stages (CAST 3–4) was 24.7%, severe morbidity CAST (6–7) was 6.4% and mortality was 2.7%. The odds of being found with teeth at pre-morbidity stage decreased among male OR (95%CI) = 0.55 (0.44, 0.70) and younger participants OR (95%CI) = 0.77 (0.61, 0.98). Participants in high socio-economic status had lower odds of morbidity OR (95%CI) = 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) while those taking sugary foods five times or more per day had higher odds of morbidity OR (95%CI = 1.52 (1.01, 2.34). The odds of being found at mortality clinical stage of caries was lower among males OR (95% CI) = 0.53 (0.29, 0.96) and those who did not attend to a dentist in the previous year OR (95%CI) = 0.42 (0.23, 0.75), while higher odds OR (95%CI = 2.01 (1.02, 3.97) were among the high socio-economic status. Conclusions The proportion of participants with teeth at pre-morbidity and morbidity were high. Socio-demographics and behavioral predictors of dental caries were sex, socio-economic status, frequency of sugary food intake per day and dental visit in the previous year. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:51:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13e34a80fbd84746808083e9482763fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:51:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-13e34a80fbd84746808083e9482763fd2022-12-22T03:34:10ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312022-05-012211910.1186/s12903-022-02217-yDental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlatesSeverine N. Anthony0Hawa S. Mbawalla1Febronia K. Kahabuka2Seter Siziya3Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt UniversityDepartment of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDepartment of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDepartment of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt UniversityAbstract Background Dental Caries affect more than half of children and adolescents globally and more so in Africa. Most caries studies in Africa are based on DMFT index which does not assess early carious lesions making early prevention and minimal invasive treatment impossible. This study therefore aimed at determining pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of dental caries according to Caries Assessment and Treatment Spectrum (CAST). Methods Cross-sectional study involving secondary school adolescents in Copperbelt province, Zambia. Socio-demographics and oral health related behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire while dental caries was assessed using CAST. Data were summarized as frequency distributions while cross-tabulation with Chi-squire test and adjusted multinomial logistic regression assessed strength and direction of relationship between socio-demographics, oral health behaviors and dental caries. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results A total of 1,794 participants were enrolled 54% being females. Total frequency of adolescents with healthy teeth (CAST0-2) was 51.1%, pre-morbidity stages (CAST 3–4) was 24.7%, severe morbidity CAST (6–7) was 6.4% and mortality was 2.7%. The odds of being found with teeth at pre-morbidity stage decreased among male OR (95%CI) = 0.55 (0.44, 0.70) and younger participants OR (95%CI) = 0.77 (0.61, 0.98). Participants in high socio-economic status had lower odds of morbidity OR (95%CI) = 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) while those taking sugary foods five times or more per day had higher odds of morbidity OR (95%CI = 1.52 (1.01, 2.34). The odds of being found at mortality clinical stage of caries was lower among males OR (95% CI) = 0.53 (0.29, 0.96) and those who did not attend to a dentist in the previous year OR (95%CI) = 0.42 (0.23, 0.75), while higher odds OR (95%CI = 2.01 (1.02, 3.97) were among the high socio-economic status. Conclusions The proportion of participants with teeth at pre-morbidity and morbidity were high. Socio-demographics and behavioral predictors of dental caries were sex, socio-economic status, frequency of sugary food intake per day and dental visit in the previous year.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02217-yDental cariesCASTSocio-demographicsOral health related behaviorsAdolescents |
| spellingShingle | Severine N. Anthony Hawa S. Mbawalla Febronia K. Kahabuka Seter Siziya Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates BMC Oral Health Dental caries CAST Socio-demographics Oral health related behaviors Adolescents |
| title | Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates |
| title_full | Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates |
| title_fullStr | Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates |
| title_short | Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates |
| title_sort | dental caries according to cast among zambian adolescents pattern socio demographic and behavioral correlates |
| topic | Dental caries CAST Socio-demographics Oral health related behaviors Adolescents |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02217-y |
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