Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids (ILs) are highly tailorable solvents that have shown a lot of promise for a variety of applications including cryopreservation, drug delivery, and protein stabilisation. However, to date, there is very limited information on the detailed interactions o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Biophysica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/3/2/21 |
| _version_ | 1827738228597194752 |
|---|---|
| author | Saffron J. Bryant Zo L. Shaw Louisa Z. Y. Huang Aaron Elbourne Amanda N. Abraham Jitraporn Vongsvivut Stephen A. Holt Tamar L. Greaves Gary Bryant |
| author_facet | Saffron J. Bryant Zo L. Shaw Louisa Z. Y. Huang Aaron Elbourne Amanda N. Abraham Jitraporn Vongsvivut Stephen A. Holt Tamar L. Greaves Gary Bryant |
| author_sort | Saffron J. Bryant |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids (ILs) are highly tailorable solvents that have shown a lot of promise for a variety of applications including cryopreservation, drug delivery, and protein stabilisation. However, to date, there is very limited information on the detailed interactions of these solvents with mammalian cells. In this work, we studied six DESs and one IL that show promise as cryoprotective agents, applying synchrotron macro–ATR–FTIR to examine their effects on key biochemical components of HaCat mammalian cells. These data were paired with resazurin metabolic assays and neutron reflectivity experiments to correlate cellular interactions with cellular toxicity. Stark differences were observed even between solvents that shared similar components. In particular, it was found that solvents that are effective cryoprotective agents consistently showed interactions with cellular membranes, while high toxicity correlated with strong interactions of the DES/IL with nucleic acids and proteins. This work sheds new light on the interactions between novel solvents and cells that may underpin future biomedical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:41:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13f4dba676af4104b7fa26c2488e98ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4125 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:41:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biophysica |
| spelling | doaj.art-13f4dba676af4104b7fa26c2488e98ba2023-11-18T09:32:04ZengMDPI AGBiophysica2673-41252023-05-013231833410.3390/biophysica3020021Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR MicrospectroscopySaffron J. Bryant0Zo L. Shaw1Louisa Z. Y. Huang2Aaron Elbourne3Amanda N. Abraham4Jitraporn Vongsvivut5Stephen A. Holt6Tamar L. Greaves7Gary Bryant8School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaSchool of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaSchool of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaSchool of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaInfrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) Beamline, ANSTO—Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC 3168, AustraliaAustralian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, AustraliaSchool of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaSchool of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids (ILs) are highly tailorable solvents that have shown a lot of promise for a variety of applications including cryopreservation, drug delivery, and protein stabilisation. However, to date, there is very limited information on the detailed interactions of these solvents with mammalian cells. In this work, we studied six DESs and one IL that show promise as cryoprotective agents, applying synchrotron macro–ATR–FTIR to examine their effects on key biochemical components of HaCat mammalian cells. These data were paired with resazurin metabolic assays and neutron reflectivity experiments to correlate cellular interactions with cellular toxicity. Stark differences were observed even between solvents that shared similar components. In particular, it was found that solvents that are effective cryoprotective agents consistently showed interactions with cellular membranes, while high toxicity correlated with strong interactions of the DES/IL with nucleic acids and proteins. This work sheds new light on the interactions between novel solvents and cells that may underpin future biomedical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/3/2/21deep eutectic solventsionic liquidscryoprotectantsATR–FTIRcell toxicityX-ray reflectivity |
| spellingShingle | Saffron J. Bryant Zo L. Shaw Louisa Z. Y. Huang Aaron Elbourne Amanda N. Abraham Jitraporn Vongsvivut Stephen A. Holt Tamar L. Greaves Gary Bryant Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy Biophysica deep eutectic solvents ionic liquids cryoprotectants ATR–FTIR cell toxicity X-ray reflectivity |
| title | Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy |
| title_full | Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy |
| title_short | Insights into Chemical Interactions and Related Toxicities of Deep Eutectic Solvents with Mammalian Cells Observed Using Synchrotron Macro–ATR–FTIR Microspectroscopy |
| title_sort | insights into chemical interactions and related toxicities of deep eutectic solvents with mammalian cells observed using synchrotron macro atr ftir microspectroscopy |
| topic | deep eutectic solvents ionic liquids cryoprotectants ATR–FTIR cell toxicity X-ray reflectivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/3/2/21 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT saffronjbryant insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT zolshaw insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT louisazyhuang insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT aaronelbourne insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT amandanabraham insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT jitrapornvongsvivut insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT stephenaholt insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT tamarlgreaves insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy AT garybryant insightsintochemicalinteractionsandrelatedtoxicitiesofdeepeutecticsolventswithmammaliancellsobservedusingsynchrotronmacroatrftirmicrospectroscopy |