Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level
Pathogenic microorganisms surviving in dry products have regularly led to recalls and foodborne disease outbreaks. Therefore, the microbiological quality of 61 dried mushrooms samples purchased online and in supermarkets were analyzed. Counts of aerobic mesophiles (AMCs), <i>Enterobacteriaceae...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/5/2208 |
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| author | Martina Ludewig Julia Rattner Johannes J. Künz Martin Wagner Beatrix Stessl |
| author_facet | Martina Ludewig Julia Rattner Johannes J. Künz Martin Wagner Beatrix Stessl |
| author_sort | Martina Ludewig |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pathogenic microorganisms surviving in dry products have regularly led to recalls and foodborne disease outbreaks. Therefore, the microbiological quality of 61 dried mushrooms samples purchased online and in supermarkets were analyzed. Counts of aerobic mesophiles (AMCs), <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (EB), yeasts and molds, presumptive <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (pBC), the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> spp., and <i>L. monocytogenes</i> were investigated. Isolates of pBC were screened for their partial <i>panC</i> gene sequences and their toxin genes’ profiles. The microbiological quality of the dried mushrooms investigated in this study was generally found to be acceptable. Average AMCs, EB, yeasts, and molds were 3.9 log, 1.1 log, 1.6 log, and 1.5 log cfu/g, respectively. All mushroom samples tested negative for <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>L. monocytogenes.</i> Presumptive BC were detected in 59.0% of the samples, but the contamination level was low (1.0 to 3.4 log cfu/g). None of the isolates were positive for the <i>ces</i> gene. Incomplete labeling was found in 45.9% of the samples, mainly in the form of missing heating instructions (31.1%) and/or country of origin (16.3%). Contamination by pathogens can occur in dried mushrooms. Adequate information on home cooking practices is essential to reduce the risk of foodborne illness to the consumer and to provide a safe food product. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:34:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13f634a4c4984445864305cc4146f44e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:34:01Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-13f634a4c4984445864305cc4146f44e2024-03-12T16:40:29ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-03-01145220810.3390/app14052208Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail LevelMartina Ludewig0Julia Rattner1Johannes J. Künz2Martin Wagner3Beatrix Stessl4Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, AustriaClinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, AustriaClinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, AustriaClinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, AustriaClinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, AustriaPathogenic microorganisms surviving in dry products have regularly led to recalls and foodborne disease outbreaks. Therefore, the microbiological quality of 61 dried mushrooms samples purchased online and in supermarkets were analyzed. Counts of aerobic mesophiles (AMCs), <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (EB), yeasts and molds, presumptive <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (pBC), the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> spp., and <i>L. monocytogenes</i> were investigated. Isolates of pBC were screened for their partial <i>panC</i> gene sequences and their toxin genes’ profiles. The microbiological quality of the dried mushrooms investigated in this study was generally found to be acceptable. Average AMCs, EB, yeasts, and molds were 3.9 log, 1.1 log, 1.6 log, and 1.5 log cfu/g, respectively. All mushroom samples tested negative for <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>L. monocytogenes.</i> Presumptive BC were detected in 59.0% of the samples, but the contamination level was low (1.0 to 3.4 log cfu/g). None of the isolates were positive for the <i>ces</i> gene. Incomplete labeling was found in 45.9% of the samples, mainly in the form of missing heating instructions (31.1%) and/or country of origin (16.3%). Contamination by pathogens can occur in dried mushrooms. Adequate information on home cooking practices is essential to reduce the risk of foodborne illness to the consumer and to provide a safe food product.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/5/2208microbiology contamination<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i><i>Salmonella</i>presumptive <i>Bacillus cereus</i><i>Bacillus cereus</i> toxin profileadequate labeling |
| spellingShingle | Martina Ludewig Julia Rattner Johannes J. Künz Martin Wagner Beatrix Stessl Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level Applied Sciences microbiology contamination <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> <i>Salmonella</i> presumptive <i>Bacillus cereus</i> <i>Bacillus cereus</i> toxin profile adequate labeling |
| title | Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level |
| title_full | Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level |
| title_fullStr | Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level |
| title_short | Quality and Safety of Dried Mushrooms Available at Retail Level |
| title_sort | quality and safety of dried mushrooms available at retail level |
| topic | microbiology contamination <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> <i>Salmonella</i> presumptive <i>Bacillus cereus</i> <i>Bacillus cereus</i> toxin profile adequate labeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/5/2208 |
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