| Summary: | Abies ernestii Rehder is endemic to the montane regions of Southwest China. Till now, phylogenetic relationships between A. ernestii and other closely related species remain unclear. In this study, we first characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A. ernestii. The whole cp genome was 121,841 bp in size, including one hundred and thirteen genes. Results of comparative cp genome revealed that only ycf1 and ycf2 was characterized by a considerable variation. Our phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyly of the genus Abies and revealed a clear separation between A. ernestii and A. chensiensis Tiegh. This study highlights the significance of using cp genomes to examine species boundaries among closely related fir species.
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