GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities
After finding a solution for the Hayward regular black hole (HRBH) in massive gravity, we embed the (3+1)-dimensional HRBHs both in massless and in massive gravities into (5+2)- and (6+3)-dimensional Minkowski spacetimes, respectively. Here, massive gravity denotes that a graviton acquires a mass ho...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Universe |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/11/486 |
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| author | Soon-Tae Hong Yong-Wan Kim Young-Jai Park |
| author_facet | Soon-Tae Hong Yong-Wan Kim Young-Jai Park |
| author_sort | Soon-Tae Hong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After finding a solution for the Hayward regular black hole (HRBH) in massive gravity, we embed the (3+1)-dimensional HRBHs both in massless and in massive gravities into (5+2)- and (6+3)-dimensional Minkowski spacetimes, respectively. Here, massive gravity denotes that a graviton acquires a mass holographically by broken momentum conservation in the HRBH. The original HRBH has no holographically added gravitons, which we call ‘massless’. Making use of newly found embedding coordinates, we obtain desired Unruh temperatures and compare them with the Hawking and local fiducial temperatures, showing that the Unruh effect for a uniformly accelerated observer in a higher-dimensional flat spacetime is equal to the Hawking effect for a fiducial observer in a black hole spacetime. We also obtain freely falling temperatures of the HRBHs in massless and massive gravities seen by freely falling observers, which remain finite even at the event horizons while becoming the Hawking temperatures in asymptotic infinity. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-13f90baf50f746ec9e175a5a731693b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:23:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj.art-13f90baf50f746ec9e175a5a731693b82023-11-24T15:09:51ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972023-11-0191148610.3390/universe9110486GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive GravitiesSoon-Tae Hong0Yong-Wan Kim1Young-Jai Park2Center for Quantum Spacetime, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of KoreaResearch Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of KoreaAfter finding a solution for the Hayward regular black hole (HRBH) in massive gravity, we embed the (3+1)-dimensional HRBHs both in massless and in massive gravities into (5+2)- and (6+3)-dimensional Minkowski spacetimes, respectively. Here, massive gravity denotes that a graviton acquires a mass holographically by broken momentum conservation in the HRBH. The original HRBH has no holographically added gravitons, which we call ‘massless’. Making use of newly found embedding coordinates, we obtain desired Unruh temperatures and compare them with the Hawking and local fiducial temperatures, showing that the Unruh effect for a uniformly accelerated observer in a higher-dimensional flat spacetime is equal to the Hawking effect for a fiducial observer in a black hole spacetime. We also obtain freely falling temperatures of the HRBHs in massless and massive gravities seen by freely falling observers, which remain finite even at the event horizons while becoming the Hawking temperatures in asymptotic infinity.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/11/486Hayward regular black holeglobal flat embeddingUnruh effectfreely falling temperature |
| spellingShingle | Soon-Tae Hong Yong-Wan Kim Young-Jai Park GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities Universe Hayward regular black hole global flat embedding Unruh effect freely falling temperature |
| title | GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities |
| title_full | GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities |
| title_fullStr | GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities |
| title_full_unstemmed | GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities |
| title_short | GEMS Embeddings of Hayward Regular Black Holes in Massless and Massive Gravities |
| title_sort | gems embeddings of hayward regular black holes in massless and massive gravities |
| topic | Hayward regular black hole global flat embedding Unruh effect freely falling temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/11/486 |
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