Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BackgroundInvestigations regarding the association between maternal smoking and specific urogenital teratogenesis exist. However, an integrated systematic review and meta-analysis studying the relationship by encompassing the whole urogenital system is essential.ObjectiveEven though many studies abo...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.973016/full |
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| author | Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Xing Liu Xing Liu Xing Liu Xing Liu |
| author_facet | Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Xing Liu Xing Liu Xing Liu Xing Liu |
| author_sort | Qiang Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundInvestigations regarding the association between maternal smoking and specific urogenital teratogenesis exist. However, an integrated systematic review and meta-analysis studying the relationship by encompassing the whole urogenital system is essential.ObjectiveEven though many studies about inborn urogenital malformations have been conducted, its etiologic factors and exact pathogenesis are still unclear. Our aim is to assess the risk of congenital urogenital malformations in offspring of smoking pregnant women.ResultsThe meta-analysis, covering 41 case-control and 11 cohort studies, suggested that maternal smoking was associated with an increased risk of urogenital teratogenesis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.23, p = 0.005), cryptorchidism (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.12-1.24, p = 0.0001), hypospadias (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.33, p = 0.039), and kidney malformations (OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.14-1.48, p = 0.0001). Moreover, paternal smoking during the mother’s pregnancy was also significantly associated (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.03-1.55, p = 0.028). The association between smoking > 10 cigarettes/day was evident but was not significant (OR = 1.24, 95%CI:0.81-1.88, p = 0.323).ConclusionOur results showed that maternal smoking during pregnancy increased the risk of congenital urogenital malformations. In numerous epidemiological studies, maternal smoking during pregnancy has a significant role in fetal development. Therefore, quitting tobacco use may be an effective method for reducing the risk of congenital urogenital malformation in pregnant women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:37:23Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:37:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-13fce41526ce46df9882a9646648753c2022-12-22T03:49:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602022-10-011010.3389/fped.2022.973016973016Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysisQiang Zhang0Qiang Zhang1Qiang Zhang2Qiang Zhang3Zhi-Cheng Zhang4Zhi-Cheng Zhang5Zhi-Cheng Zhang6Zhi-Cheng Zhang7Xue-Yu He8Xue-Yu He9Xue-Yu He10Xue-Yu He11Zhen-Min Liu12Zhen-Min Liu13Zhen-Min Liu14Zhen-Min Liu15Guang-Hui Wei16Guang-Hui Wei17Guang-Hui Wei18Guang-Hui Wei19Xing Liu20Xing Liu21Xing Liu22Xing Liu23Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaProgram for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaProgram for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaProgram for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaProgram for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaProgram for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaProgram for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaBackgroundInvestigations regarding the association between maternal smoking and specific urogenital teratogenesis exist. However, an integrated systematic review and meta-analysis studying the relationship by encompassing the whole urogenital system is essential.ObjectiveEven though many studies about inborn urogenital malformations have been conducted, its etiologic factors and exact pathogenesis are still unclear. Our aim is to assess the risk of congenital urogenital malformations in offspring of smoking pregnant women.ResultsThe meta-analysis, covering 41 case-control and 11 cohort studies, suggested that maternal smoking was associated with an increased risk of urogenital teratogenesis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.23, p = 0.005), cryptorchidism (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.12-1.24, p = 0.0001), hypospadias (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.33, p = 0.039), and kidney malformations (OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.14-1.48, p = 0.0001). Moreover, paternal smoking during the mother’s pregnancy was also significantly associated (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.03-1.55, p = 0.028). The association between smoking > 10 cigarettes/day was evident but was not significant (OR = 1.24, 95%CI:0.81-1.88, p = 0.323).ConclusionOur results showed that maternal smoking during pregnancy increased the risk of congenital urogenital malformations. In numerous epidemiological studies, maternal smoking during pregnancy has a significant role in fetal development. Therefore, quitting tobacco use may be an effective method for reducing the risk of congenital urogenital malformation in pregnant women.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.973016/fullmaternal smokingcongenital urogenital malformationshypospadiascryptorchidismmeta-analysispaternal smoking |
| spellingShingle | Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Qiang Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Xue-Yu He Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Zhen-Min Liu Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Guang-Hui Wei Xing Liu Xing Liu Xing Liu Xing Liu Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis Frontiers in Pediatrics maternal smoking congenital urogenital malformations hypospadias cryptorchidism meta-analysis paternal smoking |
| title | Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of congenital urogenital malformations a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | maternal smoking congenital urogenital malformations hypospadias cryptorchidism meta-analysis paternal smoking |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.973016/full |
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