Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a traumatic injury where at least 20% of the mass of a skeletal muscle has been destroyed and functionality is lost. The standard treatment for VML, autologous tissue transfer, is limited as approximately 1 in 10 grafts fail because of necrosis or infection. Tissue en...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/14/11/533 |
| _version_ | 1797458754738847744 |
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| author | Natalie G. Kozan Sean Caswell Milan Patel Jonathan M. Grasman |
| author_facet | Natalie G. Kozan Sean Caswell Milan Patel Jonathan M. Grasman |
| author_sort | Natalie G. Kozan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a traumatic injury where at least 20% of the mass of a skeletal muscle has been destroyed and functionality is lost. The standard treatment for VML, autologous tissue transfer, is limited as approximately 1 in 10 grafts fail because of necrosis or infection. Tissue engineering strategies seek to develop scaffolds that can regenerate injured muscles and restore functionality. Many of these scaffolds, however, are limited in their ability to restore muscle functionality because of an inability to promote the alignment of regenerating myofibers. For aligned myofibers to form on a scaffold, myoblasts infiltrate the scaffold and receive topographical cues to direct targeted myofiber growth. We seek to determine the optimal pore size for myoblast infiltration and differentiation. We developed a method of tuning the pore size within collagen scaffolds while inducing longitudinal alignment of these pores. Significantly different pore sizes were generated by adjusting the freezing rate of the scaffolds. Scaffolds frozen at −20 °C contained the largest pores. These scaffolds promoted the greatest level of cell infiltration and orientation in the direction of pore alignment. Further research will be conducted to induce higher levels of myofiber formation, to ultimately create an off-the-shelf treatment for VML injuries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:42:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-142efac2284c40d7b5f8ee567b82e56f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:42:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-142efac2284c40d7b5f8ee567b82e56f2023-11-24T14:49:57ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832023-10-01141153310.3390/jfb14110533Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue RegenerationNatalie G. Kozan0Sean Caswell1Milan Patel2Jonathan M. Grasman3Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USAVolumetric muscle loss (VML) is a traumatic injury where at least 20% of the mass of a skeletal muscle has been destroyed and functionality is lost. The standard treatment for VML, autologous tissue transfer, is limited as approximately 1 in 10 grafts fail because of necrosis or infection. Tissue engineering strategies seek to develop scaffolds that can regenerate injured muscles and restore functionality. Many of these scaffolds, however, are limited in their ability to restore muscle functionality because of an inability to promote the alignment of regenerating myofibers. For aligned myofibers to form on a scaffold, myoblasts infiltrate the scaffold and receive topographical cues to direct targeted myofiber growth. We seek to determine the optimal pore size for myoblast infiltration and differentiation. We developed a method of tuning the pore size within collagen scaffolds while inducing longitudinal alignment of these pores. Significantly different pore sizes were generated by adjusting the freezing rate of the scaffolds. Scaffolds frozen at −20 °C contained the largest pores. These scaffolds promoted the greatest level of cell infiltration and orientation in the direction of pore alignment. Further research will be conducted to induce higher levels of myofiber formation, to ultimately create an off-the-shelf treatment for VML injuries.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/14/11/533volumetric muscle lossbiomaterialskeletal musclecollagenporosityscaffold |
| spellingShingle | Natalie G. Kozan Sean Caswell Milan Patel Jonathan M. Grasman Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration Journal of Functional Biomaterials volumetric muscle loss biomaterial skeletal muscle collagen porosity scaffold |
| title | Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration |
| title_full | Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration |
| title_short | Aligned Collagen Sponges with Tunable Pore Size for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Regeneration |
| title_sort | aligned collagen sponges with tunable pore size for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration |
| topic | volumetric muscle loss biomaterial skeletal muscle collagen porosity scaffold |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/14/11/533 |
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