A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
Phytophagous insects, including Asian citrus psyllids (<i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama), use multiple sensory modalities (vision, olfaction, and gustation,) to locate and accept host plants. We explored incorporation of several sensory cues into a multi-modal attract-and-kill device (AK...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/12/870 |
| _version_ | 1797545426160713728 |
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| author | Justin George Stephen L. Lapointe Larry T. Markle Joseph M. Patt Sandra A. Allan Mamoudou Setamou Monique J. Rivera Jawwad A. Qureshi Lukasz L. Stelinski |
| author_facet | Justin George Stephen L. Lapointe Larry T. Markle Joseph M. Patt Sandra A. Allan Mamoudou Setamou Monique J. Rivera Jawwad A. Qureshi Lukasz L. Stelinski |
| author_sort | Justin George |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phytophagous insects, including Asian citrus psyllids (<i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama), use multiple sensory modalities (vision, olfaction, and gustation,) to locate and accept host plants. We explored incorporation of several sensory cues into a multi-modal attract-and-kill device (AK device) using a three-dimensional shape to increase visibility, as well as elements of color, attractant, phagostimulant, UV reflectant, and toxicant. Attraction of adult <i>D. citri</i> to the device was mediated by a combination of a highly reflective yellow cylinder, a UV reflectant compound (magnesium oxide), and an odorant blend as a short-range attractant. The device surface was coated with a slow-release wax matrix (SPLAT™) augmented with a phagostimulant consisting of a 3-component blend (formic acid, acetic acid, and para-cymene) and an insecticide (β-cyfluthrin). Psyllids landing on the device attempted to feed from the wax matrix, became intoxicated, died, and fell from the device. The device remained fully active over a period of 12 weeks partly because dead psyllids or nontargets did not adhere to the surface as occurs on adhesive yellow sticky cards, the industry standard. Laboratory and field assays showed that the device attracted and killed significantly more adult <i>D. citri</i> than ordinary yellow sticky cards. This device or a future iteration based on the design elements of this device is expected to contribute to sustainable and environmentally appropriate management of <i>D. citri</i> by exploiting the psyllid’s innate behavioral responses to visual, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:15:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1434ce864236433e98c3ef75adc0403e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:15:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-1434ce864236433e98c3ef75adc0403e2023-11-20T23:50:15ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502020-12-01111287010.3390/insects11120870A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae)Justin George0Stephen L. Lapointe1Larry T. Markle2Joseph M. Patt3Sandra A. Allan4Mamoudou Setamou5Monique J. Rivera6Jawwad A. Qureshi7Lukasz L. Stelinski8Citrus Research and Education Center, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd., Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA18 Valle Vista Dr., Asheville, NC 28804, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USACenter for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Gainesville, FL 32608, USAKingsville Citrus Center, Texas A&M University, 312 N. International Blvd, Weslaco, TX 78599, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USASouthwest Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL 34142, USACitrus Research and Education Center, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd., Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USAPhytophagous insects, including Asian citrus psyllids (<i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama), use multiple sensory modalities (vision, olfaction, and gustation,) to locate and accept host plants. We explored incorporation of several sensory cues into a multi-modal attract-and-kill device (AK device) using a three-dimensional shape to increase visibility, as well as elements of color, attractant, phagostimulant, UV reflectant, and toxicant. Attraction of adult <i>D. citri</i> to the device was mediated by a combination of a highly reflective yellow cylinder, a UV reflectant compound (magnesium oxide), and an odorant blend as a short-range attractant. The device surface was coated with a slow-release wax matrix (SPLAT™) augmented with a phagostimulant consisting of a 3-component blend (formic acid, acetic acid, and para-cymene) and an insecticide (β-cyfluthrin). Psyllids landing on the device attempted to feed from the wax matrix, became intoxicated, died, and fell from the device. The device remained fully active over a period of 12 weeks partly because dead psyllids or nontargets did not adhere to the surface as occurs on adhesive yellow sticky cards, the industry standard. Laboratory and field assays showed that the device attracted and killed significantly more adult <i>D. citri</i> than ordinary yellow sticky cards. This device or a future iteration based on the design elements of this device is expected to contribute to sustainable and environmentally appropriate management of <i>D. citri</i> by exploiting the psyllid’s innate behavioral responses to visual, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/12/870Asian citrus psyllidhuanglongbingattract-and-kill deviceprobing behaviorvisionolfaction |
| spellingShingle | Justin George Stephen L. Lapointe Larry T. Markle Joseph M. Patt Sandra A. Allan Mamoudou Setamou Monique J. Rivera Jawwad A. Qureshi Lukasz L. Stelinski A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae) Insects Asian citrus psyllid huanglongbing attract-and-kill device probing behavior vision olfaction |
| title | A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae) |
| title_full | A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae) |
| title_fullStr | A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae) |
| title_short | A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae) |
| title_sort | multimodal attract and kill device for the asian citrus psyllid i diaphorina citri i hemiptera liviidae |
| topic | Asian citrus psyllid huanglongbing attract-and-kill device probing behavior vision olfaction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/12/870 |
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