Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis
Abstract Background Lung cancer, as the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, has been linked to environmental factors, such as air pollution. Residential exposure to petrochemicals is considered a possible cause of lung cancer for the nearby population, but results are inconsistent across pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-017-0309-2 |
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| author | Cheng-Kuan Lin Huei-Yang Hung David C. Christiani Francesco Forastiere Ro-Ting Lin |
| author_facet | Cheng-Kuan Lin Huei-Yang Hung David C. Christiani Francesco Forastiere Ro-Ting Lin |
| author_sort | Cheng-Kuan Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Lung cancer, as the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, has been linked to environmental factors, such as air pollution. Residential exposure to petrochemicals is considered a possible cause of lung cancer for the nearby population, but results are inconsistent across previous studies. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled risk and to identify possible factors leading to the heterogeneity among studies. Methods The standard process of selecting studies followed the Cochrane meta-analysis guideline of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. We assessed the quality of selected studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Reported point estimates and 95% confidence intervals were extracted or calculated to estimate the pooled risk. Air quality standards were summarized and treated as a surrogate of exposure to air pollution in the studied countries. Funnel plots, Begg’s test and Egger’s test were conducted to diagnose publication bias. Meta-regressions were performed to identify explanatory variables of heterogeneity across studies. Results A total of 2,017,365 people living nearby petrochemical industrial complexes (PICs) from 13 independent studied population were included in the analysis. The pooled risk of lung cancer mortality for residents living nearby PICs was 1.03-fold higher than people living in non-PIC areas (95% CI = 0.98–1.09), with a low heterogeneity among studies (I 2 = 25.3%). Such effect was stronger by a factor of 12.6% for the year of follow-up started 1 year earlier (p-value = 0.034). Conclusions Our meta-analysis gathering current evidence suggests only a slightly higher risk of lung cancer mortality among residents living nearby PICs, albeit such association didn’t receive statistically significance. Reasons for higher risks of early residential exposure to PICs might be attributable to the lack of or less stringent air pollution regulations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:40:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-144156b2cd8a44b6866f45434c97e1e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:40:12Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-144156b2cd8a44b6866f45434c97e1e32022-12-21T18:46:15ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2017-09-0116111110.1186/s12940-017-0309-2Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysisCheng-Kuan Lin0Huei-Yang Hung1David C. Christiani2Francesco Forastiere3Ro-Ting Lin4Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthDepartment of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology Lazio Regional Health ServiceDepartment of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical UniversityAbstract Background Lung cancer, as the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, has been linked to environmental factors, such as air pollution. Residential exposure to petrochemicals is considered a possible cause of lung cancer for the nearby population, but results are inconsistent across previous studies. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled risk and to identify possible factors leading to the heterogeneity among studies. Methods The standard process of selecting studies followed the Cochrane meta-analysis guideline of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. We assessed the quality of selected studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Reported point estimates and 95% confidence intervals were extracted or calculated to estimate the pooled risk. Air quality standards were summarized and treated as a surrogate of exposure to air pollution in the studied countries. Funnel plots, Begg’s test and Egger’s test were conducted to diagnose publication bias. Meta-regressions were performed to identify explanatory variables of heterogeneity across studies. Results A total of 2,017,365 people living nearby petrochemical industrial complexes (PICs) from 13 independent studied population were included in the analysis. The pooled risk of lung cancer mortality for residents living nearby PICs was 1.03-fold higher than people living in non-PIC areas (95% CI = 0.98–1.09), with a low heterogeneity among studies (I 2 = 25.3%). Such effect was stronger by a factor of 12.6% for the year of follow-up started 1 year earlier (p-value = 0.034). Conclusions Our meta-analysis gathering current evidence suggests only a slightly higher risk of lung cancer mortality among residents living nearby PICs, albeit such association didn’t receive statistically significance. Reasons for higher risks of early residential exposure to PICs might be attributable to the lack of or less stringent air pollution regulations.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-017-0309-2Lung cancerLung neoplasmPetrochemicalRefineryPetroleumOil and gas industry |
| spellingShingle | Cheng-Kuan Lin Huei-Yang Hung David C. Christiani Francesco Forastiere Ro-Ting Lin Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis Environmental Health Lung cancer Lung neoplasm Petrochemical Refinery Petroleum Oil and gas industry |
| title | Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis |
| title_full | Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis |
| title_short | Lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes: a meta-analysis |
| title_sort | lung cancer mortality of residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes a meta analysis |
| topic | Lung cancer Lung neoplasm Petrochemical Refinery Petroleum Oil and gas industry |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-017-0309-2 |
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