Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach
Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via id...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Pensoft Publishers
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Metabarcoding and Metagenomics |
| Online Access: | https://mbmg.pensoft.net/article/110194/download/pdf/ |
| _version_ | 1797403140902879232 |
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| author | Katherina Schimani Nélida Abarca Oliver Skibbe Heba Mohamad Regine Jahn Wolf-Henning Kusber Gabriela Laura Campana Jonas Zimmermann |
| author_facet | Katherina Schimani Nélida Abarca Oliver Skibbe Heba Mohamad Regine Jahn Wolf-Henning Kusber Gabriela Laura Campana Jonas Zimmermann |
| author_sort | Katherina Schimani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:35:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1441a612a62942cd8f7ab29adbb27de4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2534-9708 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:35:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Pensoft Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabarcoding and Metagenomics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1441a612a62942cd8f7ab29adbb27de42023-12-06T11:00:06ZengPensoft PublishersMetabarcoding and Metagenomics2534-97082023-12-01733938410.3897/mbmg.7.110194110194Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approachKatherina Schimani0Nélida Abarca1Oliver Skibbe2Heba Mohamad3Regine Jahn4Wolf-Henning Kusber5Gabriela Laura Campana6Jonas Zimmermann7Freie Universität BerlinFreie Universität BerlinFreie Universität BerlinFreie Universität BerlinFreie Universität BerlinFreie Universität BerlinArgentinean Antarctic InstituteFreie Universität BerlinPolar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region.https://mbmg.pensoft.net/article/110194/download/pdf/ |
| spellingShingle | Katherina Schimani Nélida Abarca Oliver Skibbe Heba Mohamad Regine Jahn Wolf-Henning Kusber Gabriela Laura Campana Jonas Zimmermann Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach Metabarcoding and Metagenomics |
| title | Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
| title_full | Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
| title_fullStr | Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
| title_short | Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
| title_sort | exploring benthic diatom diversity in the west antarctic peninsula insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
| url | https://mbmg.pensoft.net/article/110194/download/pdf/ |
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