The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems.
The world population will rise in future, which would demand more wheat production to fulfil dietary needs of wheat-dependent population of the world. Food security in wheat-dependent regions will greatly rely on wheat productivity. Weed infestation is a major constraint reducing wheat productivity...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247137 |
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| author | Muhammad Shahzad Khawar Jabran Mubshar Hussain Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza Leonard Wijaya Mohamed A El-Sheikh Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni |
| author_facet | Muhammad Shahzad Khawar Jabran Mubshar Hussain Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza Leonard Wijaya Mohamed A El-Sheikh Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni |
| author_sort | Muhammad Shahzad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The world population will rise in future, which would demand more wheat production to fulfil dietary needs of wheat-dependent population of the world. Food security in wheat-dependent regions will greatly rely on wheat productivity. Weed infestation is a major constraint reducing wheat productivity globally. Nonetheless, cropping systems and weed management strategies strongly influence weed infestation in modern agriculture. Herbicides are the key weed management tool in conventional agriculture. However, frequent use of herbicides have resulted in the evolution of herbicide-resistance weeds, which made weed management a challenging task. Sustainable and eco-friendly weed management strategies shift weed-crop competition in the favour of crop plants. Limited studies have evaluated the interactive effect of cropping systems and weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems (WBCSs). This two-year study evaluated the impact of different weed management strategies (WMSs) on weed flora of WBCSs, i.e., fallow-wheat (FW), rice-wheat (RW), cotton-wheat (CW), mungbean-wheat (MW) and sorghum-wheat (SW). The WMSs included in the study were, false seedbed, allelopathic water extracts and herbicide application, while weed-free and weedy-check were maintained as control treatments. Data relating to diversity and density of individual and total broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds were recorded. The WBCSs, WMSs and their interaction significantly altered diversity and density of individual, total, broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds. Weed-free and weedy-check treatments recorded the lowest and the highest values of diversity and density of individual, total, broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds. Herbicide application effectively reduced density and diversity of weeds. Allelopathic water extracts and false seedbed proved less effective than herbicides. On the other hand, SW cropping system not only reduced weed density but also limited the weed flora. It is concluded that false seedbed and SW cropping system can be efficiently used to manage weeds in WBCSs. However, long-term studies are needed to infer the impact of SW cropping system and false seedbed on soil properties, soil microbes and productivity of wheat crop. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:38:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-144711ff822a4c368af5e47b9ea8a8b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:38:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-144711ff822a4c368af5e47b9ea8a8b72022-12-22T04:18:12ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01162e024713710.1371/journal.pone.0247137The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems.Muhammad ShahzadKhawar JabranMubshar HussainMuhammad Aown Sammar RazaLeonard WijayaMohamed A El-SheikhMohammed Nasser AlyemeniThe world population will rise in future, which would demand more wheat production to fulfil dietary needs of wheat-dependent population of the world. Food security in wheat-dependent regions will greatly rely on wheat productivity. Weed infestation is a major constraint reducing wheat productivity globally. Nonetheless, cropping systems and weed management strategies strongly influence weed infestation in modern agriculture. Herbicides are the key weed management tool in conventional agriculture. However, frequent use of herbicides have resulted in the evolution of herbicide-resistance weeds, which made weed management a challenging task. Sustainable and eco-friendly weed management strategies shift weed-crop competition in the favour of crop plants. Limited studies have evaluated the interactive effect of cropping systems and weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems (WBCSs). This two-year study evaluated the impact of different weed management strategies (WMSs) on weed flora of WBCSs, i.e., fallow-wheat (FW), rice-wheat (RW), cotton-wheat (CW), mungbean-wheat (MW) and sorghum-wheat (SW). The WMSs included in the study were, false seedbed, allelopathic water extracts and herbicide application, while weed-free and weedy-check were maintained as control treatments. Data relating to diversity and density of individual and total broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds were recorded. The WBCSs, WMSs and their interaction significantly altered diversity and density of individual, total, broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds. Weed-free and weedy-check treatments recorded the lowest and the highest values of diversity and density of individual, total, broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds. Herbicide application effectively reduced density and diversity of weeds. Allelopathic water extracts and false seedbed proved less effective than herbicides. On the other hand, SW cropping system not only reduced weed density but also limited the weed flora. It is concluded that false seedbed and SW cropping system can be efficiently used to manage weeds in WBCSs. However, long-term studies are needed to infer the impact of SW cropping system and false seedbed on soil properties, soil microbes and productivity of wheat crop.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247137 |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Shahzad Khawar Jabran Mubshar Hussain Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza Leonard Wijaya Mohamed A El-Sheikh Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems. PLoS ONE |
| title | The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems. |
| title_full | The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems. |
| title_fullStr | The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems. |
| title_short | The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems. |
| title_sort | impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat based cropping systems |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247137 |
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