Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato)
Herein, we reported the use of N-doped green-emitting carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) as a fluorescent probe for determining of Fe3+ ions in Solanum tuberosum for the first time. The N-CQDs were synthesised through an efficient, one-step, and safe hydrothermal technique using citric acid as the carbon...
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Elsevier
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023031110 |
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| author | Olanrewaju A. Aladesuyi Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi |
| author_facet | Olanrewaju A. Aladesuyi Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi |
| author_sort | Olanrewaju A. Aladesuyi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herein, we reported the use of N-doped green-emitting carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) as a fluorescent probe for determining of Fe3+ ions in Solanum tuberosum for the first time. The N-CQDs were synthesised through an efficient, one-step, and safe hydrothermal technique using citric acid as the carbon source and glutamine as a novel nitrogen source. The temporal evolution of the optical properties was investigated by varying the synthetic conditions with respect to temperature (160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C and 240 °C) and citric acid: glutamine precursor ratio (1:1, 1:1.5, l.2,1:3 and 1:4). The N-CQDs was characterised using Fourier-Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR) High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) while its stability was evaluated in different media; NaCl, Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) and Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), and at different pHs. The N-CQDs displayed green (525 nm) emission and were spherical with an average particle diameter of 3.41 ± 0.76 nm. The FTIR indicated carboxylic, amino, and hydroxyl functional groups. The as-synthesised N-CQDs were stable in NaCl (up to 1 M), RPMI, and PBS without any significant change in its fluorescent intensity. The pH evaluation showed pHs 6 and 7 as the optimum pHs, while the fluorometric analysis showed selectivity towards Fe 3+ in the presence and absence of interfering ions. The detection limit of 1.05 μM was calculated, and the photoluminescence mechanism revealed static quenching. The as-synthesised N-CQDs was used as a fluorescent nanoprobe to determine the amount of Fe3+ in Solanum tuberosum (Potatoes) tubers. The result showed a high level of accuracy (92.13–96.20%) when compared with an established standard analytical procedure with excellent recoveries of 99.23–103.9%. We believe the as-synthesised N-CQDs can be utilised as a reliable and fast fluorescence nanoprobe for the determining of Fe3+ ions. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:24:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-14478ce3c0904de38f63076fc58c81972023-05-31T04:45:56ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-05-0195e15904Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato)Olanrewaju A. Aladesuyi0Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi1Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa; Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South AfricaDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa; Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa; Corresponding author. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa.Herein, we reported the use of N-doped green-emitting carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) as a fluorescent probe for determining of Fe3+ ions in Solanum tuberosum for the first time. The N-CQDs were synthesised through an efficient, one-step, and safe hydrothermal technique using citric acid as the carbon source and glutamine as a novel nitrogen source. The temporal evolution of the optical properties was investigated by varying the synthetic conditions with respect to temperature (160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C and 240 °C) and citric acid: glutamine precursor ratio (1:1, 1:1.5, l.2,1:3 and 1:4). The N-CQDs was characterised using Fourier-Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR) High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) while its stability was evaluated in different media; NaCl, Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) and Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), and at different pHs. The N-CQDs displayed green (525 nm) emission and were spherical with an average particle diameter of 3.41 ± 0.76 nm. The FTIR indicated carboxylic, amino, and hydroxyl functional groups. The as-synthesised N-CQDs were stable in NaCl (up to 1 M), RPMI, and PBS without any significant change in its fluorescent intensity. The pH evaluation showed pHs 6 and 7 as the optimum pHs, while the fluorometric analysis showed selectivity towards Fe 3+ in the presence and absence of interfering ions. The detection limit of 1.05 μM was calculated, and the photoluminescence mechanism revealed static quenching. The as-synthesised N-CQDs was used as a fluorescent nanoprobe to determine the amount of Fe3+ in Solanum tuberosum (Potatoes) tubers. The result showed a high level of accuracy (92.13–96.20%) when compared with an established standard analytical procedure with excellent recoveries of 99.23–103.9%. We believe the as-synthesised N-CQDs can be utilised as a reliable and fast fluorescence nanoprobe for the determining of Fe3+ ions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023031110Carbon quantum dotsGlutaminePotatoFe3+Green emissionCitric acid |
| spellingShingle | Olanrewaju A. Aladesuyi Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato) Heliyon Carbon quantum dots Glutamine Potato Fe3+ Green emission Citric acid |
| title | Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato) |
| title_full | Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato) |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato) |
| title_short | Synthesis of glutamine-based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron (Fe3+) in Solanum tuberrosum (potato) |
| title_sort | synthesis of glutamine based green emitting carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of iron fe3 in solanum tuberrosum potato |
| topic | Carbon quantum dots Glutamine Potato Fe3+ Green emission Citric acid |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023031110 |
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