Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area
Abstract Background Since March 2014, the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa disrupted health care systems - especially in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone – with a consequential stress on the area’s routine immunization programs. To address perceived decreased vaccination coverage, S...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-017-4242-7 |
| _version_ | 1830403657221275648 |
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| author | Xiaojin Sun T. T. Samba Jianyi Yao Wenwu Yin Lin Xiao Fuqiang Liu Xiaoqiang Liu Jikun Zhou Zengqiang Kou Hongwei Fan Hao Zhang Aqnes Williams Paul M. Lansana Zundong Yin |
| author_facet | Xiaojin Sun T. T. Samba Jianyi Yao Wenwu Yin Lin Xiao Fuqiang Liu Xiaoqiang Liu Jikun Zhou Zengqiang Kou Hongwei Fan Hao Zhang Aqnes Williams Paul M. Lansana Zundong Yin |
| author_sort | Xiaojin Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Since March 2014, the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa disrupted health care systems - especially in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone – with a consequential stress on the area’s routine immunization programs. To address perceived decreased vaccination coverage, Sierra Leone conducted a catch-up vaccination campaign during 24–27 April 2015. We conducted a vaccination coverage survey and report coverage estimates surrounding the time of the EVD outbreak and the catch-up campaign. Methods We selected 3 villages from each of 3 communities and obtained dates of birth and dates of vaccination with measles vaccine (MV) and the 3rd dose of Pentavalent vaccine (Pentavalent3) of all children under 4 years of age in the 9 selected villages. Vaccination data were obtained from parent-held health cards. We calculated the children’s MV and Pentavalent3 coverage rates at 3 time points, 1 August 2014, 1 April 2015, and 1 May 2015, representing coverage rates before the EVD outbreak, during the EVD outbreak, and after the Maternal and Child Health Week (MCHW) catch-up campaign. Results The final sample size was 168 children. MV coverage among age-eligible children was 71.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 62.1% - 80.4%) and 45.7% (95% CI: 29.2% - 62.2%) before and during the outbreak of EVD, respectively, and was 56.8% (95% CI: 40.8% - 72.7%) after the campaign. Pentavalent3 coverage among age-eligible children was 79.8% (95% CI: 72.6% - 87.0%) and 40.0% (95% CI: 22.5% - 57.5%) before and during the outbreak of EVD, and was 56.4% (95% CI: 39.1% - 73.4%) after the campaign. Conclusions Coverage levels of MV and Pentavalent3 were low before the EVD outbreak and decreased further during the outbreak. Although the MCHW catch-up campaign increased coverage levels, coverage remained below pre-outbreak levels. High-quality supplementary immunization activities should be conducted and routine immunization should be strengthened to address gaps in immunity among children in this EVD-affected area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:13:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1448c32444f5419d903ec61e5050eec2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:13:18Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-1448c32444f5419d903ec61e5050eec22022-12-21T19:32:05ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582017-04-011711610.1186/s12889-017-4242-7Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic areaXiaojin Sun0T. T. Samba1Jianyi Yao2Wenwu Yin3Lin Xiao4Fuqiang Liu5Xiaoqiang Liu6Jikun Zhou7Zengqiang Kou8Hongwei Fan9Hao Zhang10Aqnes Williams11Paul M. Lansana12Zundong Yin13National Immunization Programme, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionWestern Area District Health Management TeamEmergency Response Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionJingzhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and PreventionHunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionYunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionShijiazhuang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and PreventionShandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionPeking Union Medical College HospitalHealth NewsWestern Area District Health Management TeamWestern Area District Health Management TeamNational Immunization Programme, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background Since March 2014, the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa disrupted health care systems - especially in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone – with a consequential stress on the area’s routine immunization programs. To address perceived decreased vaccination coverage, Sierra Leone conducted a catch-up vaccination campaign during 24–27 April 2015. We conducted a vaccination coverage survey and report coverage estimates surrounding the time of the EVD outbreak and the catch-up campaign. Methods We selected 3 villages from each of 3 communities and obtained dates of birth and dates of vaccination with measles vaccine (MV) and the 3rd dose of Pentavalent vaccine (Pentavalent3) of all children under 4 years of age in the 9 selected villages. Vaccination data were obtained from parent-held health cards. We calculated the children’s MV and Pentavalent3 coverage rates at 3 time points, 1 August 2014, 1 April 2015, and 1 May 2015, representing coverage rates before the EVD outbreak, during the EVD outbreak, and after the Maternal and Child Health Week (MCHW) catch-up campaign. Results The final sample size was 168 children. MV coverage among age-eligible children was 71.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 62.1% - 80.4%) and 45.7% (95% CI: 29.2% - 62.2%) before and during the outbreak of EVD, respectively, and was 56.8% (95% CI: 40.8% - 72.7%) after the campaign. Pentavalent3 coverage among age-eligible children was 79.8% (95% CI: 72.6% - 87.0%) and 40.0% (95% CI: 22.5% - 57.5%) before and during the outbreak of EVD, and was 56.4% (95% CI: 39.1% - 73.4%) after the campaign. Conclusions Coverage levels of MV and Pentavalent3 were low before the EVD outbreak and decreased further during the outbreak. Although the MCHW catch-up campaign increased coverage levels, coverage remained below pre-outbreak levels. High-quality supplementary immunization activities should be conducted and routine immunization should be strengthened to address gaps in immunity among children in this EVD-affected area.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-017-4242-7Ebola virus diseaseVaccination coverageField survey |
| spellingShingle | Xiaojin Sun T. T. Samba Jianyi Yao Wenwu Yin Lin Xiao Fuqiang Liu Xiaoqiang Liu Jikun Zhou Zengqiang Kou Hongwei Fan Hao Zhang Aqnes Williams Paul M. Lansana Zundong Yin Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area BMC Public Health Ebola virus disease Vaccination coverage Field survey |
| title | Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area |
| title_full | Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area |
| title_fullStr | Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area |
| title_short | Impact of the Ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area, Sierra Leone - a field survey from an Ebola epidemic area |
| title_sort | impact of the ebola outbreak on routine immunization in western area sierra leone a field survey from an ebola epidemic area |
| topic | Ebola virus disease Vaccination coverage Field survey |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-017-4242-7 |
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